-104일째- Summary of Inspectional Reading p.34 (1) A few - TopicsExpress



          

-104일째- Summary of Inspectional Reading p.34 (1) A few words in summary of this chapter. There is no single right speed at which you should read; the ability to read at various speeds and to know when each speed is appropriate is the ideal. Great speed in reading is a dubious achievement; it is of value only if what you have to read is not really worth reading. A better formula is this: Every book should be read no more slowly than it deserves, and no more quickly than you can read it with satisfaction and comprehension. In any event, the speed at which they read, be it fast or slow,is but a fractional part of most people’s problem with reading. (2) Skimming or pre-reading a book is always a good idea; it is necessary when you do not know, as is often the case, whether the book you have in hand is worth reading carefully. You will find that out by skimming it. It is generally desirable to skim even a book that you intend to read carefully, to get some idea of its form and structure. (3)Finally, do not try to understand every word or page of a difficult book the first time through. This is the most important rule of all; it is the essence of inspectional reading. Do not be afraid to be, or to seem to be, superficial. Race through even the hardest book. You will then be prepared to read it well the second time. (4)We have now completed our initial discussion of the second level of reading—inspectional reading. We will return to the subject when we come to Part Four, where we will show what an important role inspectional reading plays in syntopical reading, the fourth and highest level of reading. (5) However, you should keep in mind during our discussion of the third level of reading—analytical reading—which is described in the second part of this book, that inspectional reading serves an important function at that level, too. The two stages of inspectional reading can both be thought of as anticipations of steps that the reader takes when he reads analytically. The first stage of inspectional reading—the stage we have called systematic skimming—serves to prepare the analytical reader to answer the questions that must be asked during the first stage of that level. Systematic skimming, in other words, anticipates the comprehension of a book’s structure. And the second stage of inspectional reading—the stage we have called superficial reading—serves the reader when he comes to the second stage of reading at the analytical level. Superficial reading is the first necessary step in the interpretation of a book’s contents. (6) Before going on to explain analytical reading, we want to pause for a moment to consider again the nature of reading as an activity. There are certain actions the active or demanding reader must perform in order to read well. We will discuss them in the next chapter. ======================================================== 이렇게 읽었습니다. 한페이지는 빡세군요 ㅎㅎ. 예제로 든 미국 독립선언문입니다. 같이 보시면서 읽어 보세요. * 원본 : archives.gov/exhibits/charters/declaration_transcript.html * 번역본 : blogimg.hani.co.kr/editor/uploads/2010/07/30/rain_90285_73529_ed.pdf (1) But what exactly have you gained if you increase your reading speed significantly? 그러나 여러분의 읽기 속도를 대단히 빠르게 했을 때 얻어지는 것은 정확히 무엇일까요? It is true that you have saved time—but what about comprehension? 시간을 절약했다는 것은 맞습니다. 하지만 이해의 면에서는 어떨까요? Has that also increased, or has it suffered in the process? 이해 또한 증가되었을 까요? 그렇지 않으면 더 악화 되었을까요? There is no speed reading course that we know of that does not claim to be able to increase your comprehension along with your reading speed. 여러분의 읽기 속도와 함께 이해를 함께 증진시킬수 있다고 주장하지 않는 속독 과정을 우리는 본적이 없습니다. And on the whole, there is probably some foundation for these claims. 그리고 대체로 이런 주장들에는 아마 어떤 근거가 있습니다. The hand (or some other device) used as a timer tends not only to increase your reading rate, but also to improve your concentration on what you are reading. 손(혹은 다른 장비)을 타이머로 사용하는 것은 여러분의 읽기 속도를 올려 주는것 뿐만 아니라 여러분이 읽는 것에 대한 집중력을 높여 줍니다. As long as you are following your hand it is harder to fall asleep, to daydream, to let your mind wander. 여러분이 여러분의 손을 따라가는 동안안, 잠들거나, 몽상을 하거나 또는 멍하게 있기가 어려워 집니다. So far, so good. 지금까지는 좋습니다. Concentration is another name for what we have called activity in reading. 집중은 우리가 적극적 읽기라고 부르는것의 또 다른 이름입니다. The good reader reads actively, with concentration. 좋은 독자는 집중해서 적극적으로 읽습니다. (2) But concentration alone does not really have much of an effect on comprehension, when that is properly understood. 그러나 집중만으로는 적절히 책을 읽었다 해도 이해에 대해 실제로 많은 효과를 얻을 수 없습니다. Comprehension involves much more than merely being able to answer simple questions of fact about a text. 이해는 단순히 글의 사실에 대한 단순한 질문에 답할 수 있는것 이상의 많은 것을 포함합니다. This limited kind of comprehension, in fact, is nothing but the elementary ability to answer the question about a book or other reading material: “What does it say?” 이와 같은 제한된 이해는 사실 아무것도 아닙니다. 오직 “무엇을 말하고 있나요?” 처럼 책이나 읽을 거리에 대한 질문에 답하는 기초적인 능력일 뿐입니다. The many further questions that, when correctly answered, imply higher levels of comprehension are seldom asked in speed reading courses, and instruction in how to answer them is seldom given. (올바르게 답했을 때) 높은 수준의 이해를 의미하는 많은 더 나아간 질문들은 속독과정에서 질문되지 않습니다. 그리고 그에 대해 답하는 방법에 대한 지도도 이뤄지지 않습니다. (3) To make this clearer, let us take an example of something to read. 이것을 명확히 하기 위해, 예로 읽을 거리를 하나 정해 봅시다. Let us take the Declaration of Independence. You probably have a copy of it available. 독립선언문을 선택해 봅시다. 여러분은 아마 가능한 복사본을 가지고 있을 겁니다. Take it down and look at it. 이것을 받아서 살펴 봅시다. It occupies less than three pages when printed. 인쇄하면 3장을 넘지 않을 것입니다. How fast should you read it? 얼마나 빨리 읽을 수 있나요? (4) The second paragraph of the Declaration ends with the sentence: “To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world.” 선언문의 두번째 문단은 다음과 같은 문장으로 끝이 납니다. “이것을 증명하기 위해 아래 사실을 세상에 공표한다.“ The following two pages of “ facts,” some of which, incidentally, are quite dubious, can be read quickly. 다음 사실에 대한 2장은 그 중 일부는 꽤 모호하긴 하지만 빠르게 읽을 수 있습니다. It is not necessary to gain more than a general idea of the kind of facts that Jefferson is citing, unless, of course, you are a scholar concerned with the historical circumstances in which he wrote. 제퍼슨이 인용하고 있는 사실들에 대한 일반적인 아이디어를 벗어나는것을 알 필요는 없습니다. 물론 여러분이 이 글이 작성된 역사적 환경에 대해 관심이 있는 학자가 아니라면 말입니다. Even the last paragraph, ending with the justly celebrated statement that the signers “mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honour,” can be read quickly. 심지어 단순히 “신의 호위에 대한 확고한 믿음과 함께,서로 생명과, 재산 그리고 우리의 성스러운 명예를 걸고 이 선언을 지지할 것을 서약하는” 사인한 사람들을 축하하는 것으로 끝나는 마지막 단락은 빠르게 읽을 수 있습니다. This is a rhetorical flourish, and it deserves what mere rhetoric always deserves. But the first two paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence require more than a first rapid reading. 이것은 장식을 위한 미사어구입니다. 그리고 단순한 미사어구가 항상 받는 것을 받습니다. (역주:공들여 읽을 필요가 없다.) 그러나 독립선언문의 처음 두 단락은 한번의 빠른 읽기 이상의것을 요구합니다. (5) We doubt that there is anyone who can read those first two paragraphs at a rate much faster than 20 words a minute. 우리는 이 처음의 두단락을 분당 20단어 이상으로 빠르게 읽을 수 있는 누군가가 존재할지 의심스럽습니다. Indeed, individual words in the famous second paragraph—words like “ inalienable,” “rights,” “ liberty,” “happiness,”“consent,” “ just powers”—are worth dwelling over, puzzling about, considering at length. 실제로, 이 유명한 두번째 단락의 개별적인 단어들은 다음과 같은 것들입니다. “빼앗을 수 없는”, “권리들”, “자유”, “행복”, “합의”, “단지 권력” . 이 단어들은 심사숙고 할 가치가 있습니다. Properly read, for full comprehension, those first two paragraphs of the Declaration might require days, or weeks, or even years. 완벽한 이해를 위해 선언의 앞 두단락을 제대로 읽는것은 몇일 몇주 심지어 몇년이 걸릴 수 도 있습니다. (6) The problem of speed reading, then, is the problem of comprehension. Practically, this comes down to defining comprehension at levels beyond the elementary. 그래서 속독의 문제점은 이해의 문제입니다. 실제로 이것은 기초를 넘어서는 수준에서의 이해를 정의를 하는것으로 설명됩니다. Speed reading courses, for the most part, do not attempt this. 속독 과정의 대부분의 수업에서 이것을 시도하지 않습니다. It is worth emphasizing, therefore, that it is precisely comprehension in reading that this book seeks to improve. 결과적으로 이 책에서 증진시키고 싶은것은 정확하게 말해서 이해라는 것을 강조할 필요가 있습니다. You cannot comprehend a book without reading it analytically; analytical reading, as we have noted, is undertaken primarily for the sake of comprehension (or understanding). 여러분은 분석적으로 책을 읽지 않고 서는 책을 이해할 수 없습니다. 우리가 언급한 분석적 읽기는 주로 이해를 위해 수행됩니다.
Posted on: Wed, 21 Jan 2015 22:00:02 +0000

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