Many people think you have to go all the way to the Arctic Circle - TopicsExpress

Many people think you have to go all the way to the Arctic Circle to experience space weather. Not so. All you have to do is board an airplane. Every day more than 8 million people fly somewhere on Earth. All of them are exposed to cosmic rays, a form of high-energy space radiation. To illustrate the point, yesterday Dr. Tony Phillips of spaceweather carried a pair of ionizing radiation detectors onboard a US Airways flight from Reno to Phoenix. At cruising altitude (38,700 ft) he measured dose rates 42 times higher than at ground level: At this rate, a passenger flying for 5 hours could be exposed to about as much radiation as a dental X-ray--not dangerous, but not negligible either. The radiation comes from space. Cosmic rays are subatomic particles accelerated to nearly light speed by supernovas, active galactic nuclei, and solar flares. Earth is peppered with this kind of radiation, every day, from all directions. Cosmic rays penetrate our planets atmosphere, producing a spray of secondary particles that air travelers routinely (and mostly unknowingly) absorb as they fly. Cosmic rays are a genuine form of space weather. They fluctuate in response to solar storms--both up and down. For example, solar flares can accelerate energetic particles toward Earth, adding to the flux of cosmic rays. CMEs, on the other hand, sweep aside cosmic rays, causing radiation counts to dip. When you step on a plane, youre never quite sure what youre going to get. Case in point: Phillips took the same flight from Reno to Phoenix on Nov. 11, 2014. He measured 40% more radiation then vs. now. The difference is not fully understood. - SPACEWEATHER

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