1. WHY SHOULD ONE MAKE QURBANI? 2. WHEN MUST QURBANI BE MADE? 3. WHO SHOULD MAKE QURBANI? 4. WHAT ANIMALS MUST BE USED FOR QURBANI? 5. WHO SHOULD MAKE ZABAH OR SLAUGHTER AND WHAT IS TO BE RECITED? 6. SOME IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS ABOUT ZABAH 7. THE QURBANI ANIMALS WHICH HAVE FOLLOWING DEFECTS CANNOT BE SACRIFICED 8. DISTRIBUTION OF QURBANI MEAT TO NON-MUSLIMS 9. COLLECTIVE SACRIFICE 10. IMPORTANT ADVICE FOR MUSLIMS 11. ISLAMIC METHOD OF SLAUGHTERING 1. WHY SHOULD ONE MAKE QURBANI? According to Tirmizi Shareef and Sunan Ibn Majah, Hazrat Ayesha (radi Allahu anha) stated that Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) said, The son of Adam does not do any action on the day of Qurbani which is more pleasing to Allah than the sacrifice of animals; and he will come on the day of Qiyamah with its hairs, horns and hooves (for reward); and the blood (of the sacrificed animal) certainly reaches Allah before it falls down to the ground. So make yourselves purified therewith. In another Hadith related in Sunan Ibn Majah, Zaid bin Arqam reported that the companions of Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) asked, Oh! Messenger of Allah, what is this sacrifice? He said, The way of your forefather (Prophet) Ibrahim (alaihis salaam). They said, What is for us therein, O! Messenger of Allah? He said, There is one reward for every hair. They said, For wool, O! Messenger of Allah? He said, There is one reward for every strand of wool! 2. WHEN MUST QURBANI BE MADE? Qurbani or Sacrifice is carried out from the 10th of Zil- Hijjah (i.e. from the day of Eid-ul-Adha) after the completion of the Eid Salaah and Khutba, till sunset on the 12th of Zil- Hijjah. The times of preference for Qurbani are the first day, i.e. the 10th of Zil-Hijjah from the completion of the Eid Salaah, followed by the second day and lastly the third day. If for some reason, animals purchased for Qurbani are not slaughtered in the time and duration of the Qurbani period, i.e. 10th, 11th & 12th of Zil-Hijjah, then such animals must be donated alive to charity. 3. WHO SHOULD MAKE QURBANI? 1. It is Waajib for every Muslim male and Muslim female who:- a. has attained puberty (Baaligh) b. is of sound mind (not insane) c. possesses Nisaab for that moment in time, not necessarily for one Islamic calendar year (Nisaab is the value of excess wealth which makes a Muslim liable for Zakaah i.e. The possession of, or equivalent capital value of seven and half tolas gold (+ -3 ounces) or fifty two tolas of silver (+ - 20 ounces) d. To make sacrifice in the Name of Allah 2. It is Waajib according to Imam-e-Azam Abu Hanifa (radi Allahu anhu) and Sunnat-e-Muakidda according to other Imams for Muslims to make Qurbani. 3. It is Waajib only for each Muslim male and female to make Qurbani for himself or herself; and not Waajib for him or her to make Qurbani for any other member of his or her family. It is only his or her duty to guide or instruct them to make Qurbani if they meet with the conditions of item in 1. above. 4. In the same manner as Sadaqat-ul-Fitr, Qurbani is a Waajib obligation for Muslims every year on the occasion of Eid-ul-Adha. It is not a once in a life-time duty. 5. It is permissible to make Qurbani in the name of Rasoolullah (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) and his Ummah or any other deceased Muslim as a Nafil Qurbani on condition that the person making the Nafil Qurbani has discharged his obligation in his own Waajib Qurbani first. 6. It is not Waajib or necessary for the following people to make Qurbani:- a. one who has not attained puberty (not Baaligh) even if he or she possesses Nisaab. b. A traveler (who is not yet Muqeem). c. One who does not possess Nisaab during that specific period in time. d. On who may be in possession of Nisaab bit has turned insane. 7. Any Muslim male or female who is not liable for Qurbani but purchases an animal for Qurbani for the sake of Almighty Allah, then the Qurbani becomes Waajib for him. 8. Qurbani cannot be undertaken on behalf of another person upon who Qurbani is Waajib, without his or her prior consent. 4. WHAT ANIMALS MUST BE USED FOR QURBANI? 1. Only the following animals may be sacrificed for Qurbani:- a. Goat and Sheep with a minimum of 1 year each. b. Cattle with a minimum of 2 years. c. Camels with a minimum of 5 years. 2. Each goat or sheep suffices for Qurbani for one Muslim male or female; whereas each head of cattle or camel could represent the Qurbani for seven Muslim males and females, provided that:- a. All seven participants have uniformity in Niyyah (i.e. either Qurbani or Aqeeqah). b. All seven have an equal share, nobody is to have a larger portion than another even at the time of the distribution of the meat. 3. It is permissible for less than seven people to have shares in a camel or a head of cattle for Qurbani; but not permissible for more than 7 people to do so. 5. WHO SHOULD MAKE ZABAH OR SLAUGHTER AND WHAT IS TO BE RECITED? 1. Owners of Qurbani animals, whether male or female, who have the knowledge of making Zabah should slaughter their own animals. 2. If other persons are appointed to slaughter on their behalf, then it is better for the owners of the Qurbani animals to be present at the place and time of slaughter. 3. Before slaughtering, the following Dua should be recited: Inni wajjahtu wajhiya lillazi fataras samawaati wal arda hanifaw wa maaa ana minal mushrikeen. Inna salaati wanusuki wa mahyaya wamamati lillahi rabbil alameen. La sharika lahu wabizaalika umirtu wa ana minal muslimeen. Allahumma minka walak. a. It is sufficient to say, Bismillah at the time of slaughtering and it is not necessary to say Allahu Akbar although saying, Bismillahi Allahu Akbar is in keeping with the Sunnah. b. if a person forgot to recite, BISMILLAH and slaughtered an animal, then too, its meat will be Halaal and it is permissible to eat it. This is because it will be accepted that the one slaughtering it on the basis of being a Muslim does not slaughter on any name besides the name of Allah. 4. The person should then slaughter the animal reading: Bismillahi Allahu Akbar. 5. This Dua must also be read: Allahumma takabalhu minni kama takabalta min habeebika Muhammadiw wa Khaleelika Ibraheema alayhimas salaatu was salaamu. 6. It is not permissible to give the skin or meat of the Qurbaani animal to the butcher as payment or to stipulate it as the payment. 6. SOME IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS ABOUT ZABAH 1. The knife for Zabah has to be sharpened to the optimum, and the slaughter should be carried out quickly and effectively to minimize the suffering sustained by the animal. 2. The throat of the Qurbani animal should be cut in a manner to ensure that the gullet, the wind pipe and the two external jugular veins are severed.It is Makrooh to severe the entire neck including the vertebrae. At least 3 of the four vessels mentioned above ought to be severed to meet Shariah requirements of proper Zabah. 3. Every effort should be made to ensure that animals are not slaughtered in the presence of other live animals. 4. In the process of slaughtering, the knife should be concealed till the moment of slaughter and the animal should be placed such that it allows the person slaughtering the animal to face Qibla, as this is Mustahab. 5. The skinning of the slaughtered animal and dismembering of body parts should not commence until the animals carcase has turned cold. 6. If after slaughtering an animal it is discovered that the animal was pregnant and a live foetus appears in the belly, then it is necessary to slaughter that foetus. If it dies before being slaughtered, its meat is Haraam. 7. It is not permissible to cut the hair of an animal once it has been purchased with the intention of Qurbaani7 and if someone has done this, it will be Waajib for him to give its price in Sadaqah. 7. THE QURBANI ANIMALS WHICH HAVE FOLLOWING DEFECTS CANNOT BE SACRIFICED 1. An animal that was born without horns or the horns had broken off from the middle, can be used for Qurbani. If the horn has broken off from the root, it cannot be used for Qurbani. 2. Those animals that are totally blind or have lost one-third or more of their eye-sight, or one-third or more of one ear is cut, or one-third or more of the tail is cut, are not allowed for Qurbani. 3. An animal which limps and walks on three legs and cannot put the injured (4th) leg onto the ground, or that it can put the injured leg onto the ground, but is unable to walk on it, cannot be used for Qurbani. However, if it is unable to walk on it, but can still take support from it, then Qurbani is allowed with it, even though it is limping. 4. Animals having no teeth at all cannot be used for Qurbani. If an animal has lost some teeth only, and has most of the teeth, Qurbani is permissible with it. If most of the teeth are lost, Qurbani is not proper with that animal. 5. Animals born without ears cannot be used for Qurbani. Animals with very small ears can be used for Qurbani. 6. Animals that are so thin and weak or sick that they are unable to walk to the place of slaughtering, cannot be used for Qurbani. 7. lf an animal sustains an injury whilst slaughtering, e.g. a leg breaks or an ear is cut, etc. the Qurbani of such an animal will be valid. 8. An animal was bought in a healthy and perfect state. After purchasing it, an accident occurred which rendered the animal unfit for Qurbani. In such a case, if the purchaser is not wealthy (Saahibe Nisaab) it will be permissible to offer the same animal for Qurbani. If the purchaser is Saahibe Nisaab, then it is compulsory upon him to obtain another animal in place of the injured animal. 9. lf an animal bought for Qurbani gives birth (before being slaughtered), then this newly born animal should also be slaughtered. 8. DISTRIBUTION OF QURBANI MEAT TO NON-MUSLIMS Distribution of Qurbani meat or any other charity (sadqa) to non-Muslim is not permissable at all. It is mentioned in Durr-e-Mukhtar: Even though a Harbi Kafir is peace-wanting, charity is unanimously not permissable. In Behr-ur-Raiq: According to Sharah, giving something to a Harbi Kafir is not permissable, for no Sawaab can be gained through this. Some other things to be noted are 1. It is allowed for a person who performs Qurbani (Waajib or Nafl), to either eat the flesh or to give it to whomsoever he pleases, rich or poor. 2. It is preferable that the meat be divided into three parts. One part for the home, one part for relatives and friends and one part for the poor and needy. 3. The meat or skin cannot be given to an employee or to a butcher in payment of his labour. It may he given to them as a gift. 4. The skin of the Qurbani could be kept for ones personal use or could be given to anybody else for their personal use. It could be used as a water bag, Musalla, etc. 5. The Qurbani skin cannot be given in lieu of any type of services. Thus, the skin cannot be given to an Imaam or Muazzin in lieu of their services. 6. If the skin is sold, the amount received for it cannot be used by oneself. It is Waajib to give it away as Sadaqah (charity) to the poor and needy. 7. It is not permissible for one to eat the meat of the following types of Qurbani:- a. Qurbani that is made as a Kaffaarah for a Jinaayat (error) committed during Haj. b. Qurbani performed for a deceased person due to his Wasiyyat, i.e. his instruction before his death. c. Qurbani performed due to a Nazr (vow) one had made. The meat of the above-mentioned types of Qurbani has to be distributed to the poor and needy ONLY. 8. The meat of Nafl (voluntary) Qurbani which one had made for the deceased can be eaten by all, similar to ones own Qurbani. 9. If more than one person participates in the Qurbani of an animal that has seven shares and each share-holder requests for his share of the meat, then it is necessary that the meat be distributed equally, by weight. If one persons share is more than the others, it will not be permissible as this will become interest. 10. If one persons share of meat is less than the others, but with the meat, he is given the skin or the head or legs of the animal, it will now be permissible. Great care should be taken in order to distribute the meat EQUALLY. 9. COLLECTIVE SACRIFICE Those whose earnings are Haraam, for example, through interest, gambling, Insurance, robbery and theft should not participate in collective Qurbaani otherwise they are responsible themselves. In the case of collective Qurbaani it will be necessary for those seven people participating together to be specified and to make an intention on their behalf. 10. IMPORTANT ADVICE FOR MUSLIMS - Many people make Qurbani on behalf of their parents, grandparents, Prophets and Saints, and not on their behalf. By doing so, they are neglecting their Waajib and thus become sinners through this action. Every Muslim must first make Qurbani on their behalf first so that their Waajib is fulfilled. Only after the Waajib is completed and if one is able to do so, can Qurbani be made on behalf of others. - It is preferable to make Qurbani on behalf of Prophet Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) as it is virtuous and beneficial and has his blessings. Our Prophet Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam) made Qurbani on behalf of all the poor people of his Ummah. This shows the love that he possessed for his Ummah. Therefore, every Muslim who is capable of making Qurbani on behalf of others should make Qurbani on behalf of our Holy Prophet Muhammad (sallal laahu alaihi wasallam). 11. ISLAMIC METHOD OF SLAUGHTERING - Those who are ignorant about the proper Islamic method that is carried out in the slaughtering of animals do not hesitate in criticising Muslims and in regarding this Islamic method of slaughter as primitive, barbaric and a cruelty to animals. - The aim of presenting this article is to inform the public that the Islamic method of slaughtering an animal is most humane, painless and better than the current methods of mechanical and electrical stunning of animals that are normally done in abattoirs. - In order for large meat industries and commercial establishments to provide a much higher production, they all favour the method of mechanical and electrical stunning. They regard all other methods of slaughter as cruel and even manage to get the support of Animal Rights groups to oppose the Islamic method of slaughter. - In the Islamic method of slaughtering an animal, the animal is slaughtered by a sharp object which is capable of making it bleed by severing blood vessels. The slaughtering is to be done by cutting the throat of the animal or by piercing the hollow of the throat, causing its death. The best way is to cut the windpipe, the gullet, and the two jugular veins. - The wisdom of the Islamic rules of slaughtering is to take the animals life in the quickest and least painful way; the requirements of using a sharp instrument and of cutting the throat relate to this end. No additional stunner is necessary. This method also allows for the most rapid and efficient bleeding of the animal. When the sharp knife enters the tissues of the neck, its cuts open four big blood vessels in the region. So much blood is lost so quickly that the animal becomes unconscious and feels no pain. - When the animal convulses, one gets the impression that it is undergoing pain and suffering. However, this is not the case. In the Islamic manner of slaughtering, the spinal cord is not severed since the nervous connection between the brain and the body is maintained so that all the blood is squeezed out of the body. When convulsion takes place, the wringing actions of the muscles of the body on the blood vessels help to get rid of the maximum amount of blood from the meat tissue. In fact, the occurrence of convulsions confirm that the animal is unconscious. Thus, the animal also does not experience any pain. - In view of the above considerations, attempts to discredit the Islamic method of slaughter are ill-conceived. Based on scientific evidence, it should not be too difficult for individuals and groups to give up their attempts to interfere with religious beliefs and religious laws in general. The Islamic method of slaughter has stood the test of time and of scientific enquiry and remains by far the best, the most efficient and the safest.
Posted on: Sun, 05 Oct 2014 07:26:06 +0000
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