A reader asks, Someone was telling me only Shia Muslims can use taquiyya. Is this true? The ulama agrees that the verses in the Quran that stipulate Muslims cannot form sincere friendships with unbelievers, but can only strike up disingenuous relationships for proprietary reasons. Shia have a history of engaging in Taqiyya to protect themselves from the predominant Sunni. The Sunni themselves still have doctrines of Taqiyya, of deception, the rulings on which, from various mainstream orthodox exegetical and juridicial works, are listed below. Let not the believers Take for friends or helpers Unbelievers rather than believers: if any do that, in nothing will there be help from Allah: except by way of precaution, that ye may Guard yourselves from them. But Allah cautions you (To remember) Himself; for the final goal is to Allah. Koran 3:28 Allah will not call you to account for thoughtlessness in your oaths, but for the intention in your hearts; and He is Oft-forgiving, Most Forbearing. Koran 2:225 Allah has already ordained for you, (O men), the dissolution of your oaths (in some cases): and Allah is your Protector, and He is Full of Knowledge and Wisdom. Koran 66:2 The Ulama: If a praiseworthy aim is attainable through both telling the truth and lying, it is unlawful to accomplish through lying because there is no need for it. When it is possible to achieve such an aim by lying but not by telling the truth, it is permissible to lie if attaining the goal is permissible (N:i.e. when the purpose of lying is to circumvent someone who is preventing one from doing something permissible), and obligatory to lie if the goal is obligatory... it is religiously precautionary in all cases to employ words that give a misleading impression... - Umdat ul-Salik If you [Muslims] are under their [infidels] authority, fearing for yourselves, behave loyally to them, with your tongue, while harboring inner animosity for them. … Allah has forbidden believers from being friendly or on intimate terms with the infidels in place of believers — except when infidels are above them [in authority]. In such a scenario, let them act friendly towards them. - Tafsir al-Tabari Let not the believers take the disbelievers as patrons, rather than, that is, instead of, the believers — for whoever does that, that is, [whoever] takes them as patrons, does not belong to, the religion of, God in anyway — unless you protect yourselves against them, as a safeguard (tuqātan, ‘as a safeguard’, is the verbal noun from taqiyyatan), that is to say, [unless] you fear something, in which case you may show patronage to them through words, but not in your hearts: this was before the hegemony of Islam and [the dispensation] applies to any individual residing in a land with no say in it. - Tafsir Al-Jalalayn (unless you indeed fear a danger from them) meaning, except those believers who in some areas or times fear for their safety from the disbelievers. In this case, such believers are allowed to show friendship to the disbelievers outwardly, but never inwardly. For instance, Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Ad-Darda said, We smile in the face of some people although our hearts curse them. Al-Bukhari said that Al-Hasan said, The Tuqyah is allowed until the Day of Resurrection. - Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Posted on: Mon, 12 Jan 2015 17:06:21 +0000
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