A year later, the Senate of Rome officially records the Laws of code written by a commission of jurists appointed by the Emperor once Theodosius II. In fact, this code is the first legal and official compendium of laws promulgated by the emperors since the beginning of the fourth century. Until then, we had only informal collections of Roman law, superabundant, scattered, and often contradictory. Quotes from the laws of Valentinian III therefore dictate to refer exclusively to five great jurists - which Papinian, Paul and Ulpian. The new code has laws in chronological order, the last being only valid in case of conflict. Finally, it is ordered that the law applied in the West are valid in the East, and vice versa, if transmitted formally. In 440, Pope affirms the primacy of his seat, front to fight against the Monophysite heresy. And therefore all that concerns the Church administration is managed by the councils, whose main role is to decide in doctrinal disputes. For after the problem of Arianism, the bishops are facing a new problem, that of the nature of Jesus, both God and man. But unlike them, the Patriarch of Constantinople Leo I, Patriarch of Alexandria disapproves Nestorius, and its popular name of Mary Theotokos - Mother of God. He sees in it indeed the mother of the man Jesus. And it was soon treated as a heretic, and his followers pursued. Meanwhile, in 442, the Saxons in Britain established in Kent as allies, revolt against their Roman-British chief Vortigern. The following year, in Gaul, the Burgundians, crushed in Worms by the Huns are transferred by Aetius in Sapaudia as settlers. In 450, the sister of Valentinian III Honoria called Huns to overthrow the Emperor, and offers his hand to Attila. It invaded Gaul, burns Metz, but faces resistance from Orléans. Then, hearing of the arrival of the Roman Aetius, reinforced by the Visigoths and the Franks, he turned around and heavy with plunder, was joined to the Champs Chalons in Champagne. He had to flee, while shortly after, Pope Leo I negotiate with him to get her back in the Balkans. Yet from 454 Valentinian III stabs Aetius in his own hand for too fraternized with federated barbarians; but also for having thought transmit the Imperial power to his son. And 455, in turn, Valentinian III was assassinated by followers of Aetius; while with him, off the Theodosian dynasty. But from that moment, the ally of Valentinian III Vandal Genseric - to whom the daughter of the Emperor Eudoxia was promised for his son Huneric - considers released from its treaties. He decided to intervene in Rome, where the new Emperor Petronius Maximus was lynched by the crowd. It organizes a coup in the city to support its demands. He plunders for fifteen days without killing or fire - in an agreement with Pope Leo I. It carries a huge booty and thousands of captives, whose Euxodie Empress and her daughters. And it takes the direction of Carthage. Meanwhile, Sidonius - born about 432 in a Lyon senatorial family, having married the daughter of Senator Auvergne Avitus, who had a distinguished career Romaine with his stepfather - pronounced panegyrics to emperors. Subsequently, he became Prefect of Rome. He returned to Gaul, was elected bishop of Clermont, although secular, little versed in theology. And then it is one of those senators, investing only solid structure of the Empire, the Church, in fact, a bastion of Roman. His pastoral activity means it can continue to play the role of political and social direction. Organizing resistance against the Barbarians, he argues in Clermont a siege of several months. As well as the Roman, the Catholicism he defends against the invaders. But Sidoine will soon capitulate. He left for a brief exile in Spain, before being allowed to return to his diocese, and to leave epithalamia, panegyrics, and letters to the precious style. A few months later, in July 455, and after two months of imperial vacancy, the senatorial aristocracy Gauloise proclaimed Emperor Avitus Avernus; which is then immediately supported by the Visigoth king Theodoric II; before being deposed and murdered. In 456, the king of the Suevi Rechiar advantage of the confused situation in the Western Empire to increase its dominance over most of Spain. For, on April 1 457, Majorian in turn appointed emperor by his troops, but he was assassinated by Ricimer 2 August of the same year. In 463, for its part, General Gallo-Roman Aegidius defeats the Visigoths near Orleans, when these come to conquer Novempopulania and Narbonne area; the Burgundians have invested Lyon and Vienna; Franks, of Germany; and Britons, Armorica. In 466, to escape the tutelage of Ricimer, Pope called Asia Minor Isaurians to the rescue: he marries while her daughter Ariadne Tarasikodissa their leader, who took the Greek name of Zeno. But in 472, General Ricimer take Rome and kills the Emperor appointed then little by Anthemius this post. Is Olybrius succeeding thereto. However, it in turn died November 2 472, and Glycère was appointed in his place in March 473. Two months later, it was Julius Nepos who replaces him. This allows the Visigoth king Euric to be legally independent king in southwestern Gaul and Spain to the border with the Swabian kingdom of Galicia; while in 476, he conquered the rest of Roman Provence, Arles Marseille. Unfortunately, the Imperial army mutinied shortly after in Ravenna, and proclaimed king Odoacer Skire officer. This then won a military victory over the patrician Orestes. He entered Rome and file the successor of Julius Nepos, Romulus Augustus. Unable, like Barbarian, access itself to the Imperial dignity, he just made his power without even deigning to proclaim a puppet emperor. It refers to the Emperor of the East Zeno the imperial insignia of the West, thereby recognizing its authority throughout the Empire. Zeno recognized with the title of patrician, he formed a good relationship with the senatorial aristocracy and the Senate. And he soon expanded his kingdom of Sicily and Dalmatia. Thus, the demise of the Western Roman Empire was the culmination of a long period of confusion where army chiefs ruled in the name of the Emperors, while the barbarians are cut kingdoms
Posted on: Thu, 27 Nov 2014 10:18:43 +0000
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