(ABA ) ***(Applied Behavior Analysis) therapy) is one of the most effective ways, the most prevalent and recognition by specialists.Applied behavior analysis of the most important global programs to modify the behavior of children with disabilities in general and particularly autistic children, which proved to acquire center children many skills in the areas of language learning and social skills,In addition to improving their learning skills, as demonstrated in dealing with children who suffer from the challenges associated with the behavior of many developmental disorders, such as autism and attention deficit and hyperactivity. Parents can learn how to perform applied behavior analysis and work on it own with an patient child.Program Applied Behavior Analysis is divided skills difficult and complex to simple skills make it easier for children to learn where they are conducting a simple analysis of the skills the child in order to reach to identify the skills needed to improve the performance and behavior and following this analysis intervention organized to train the child to perform independently and element prominent in Applied Behavior Analysisis an accurate assessment and ongoing childs performance through the use of the graph, and is applied behavior analysis is of great interest is built on the basis of analysis and deal with what precedes behavior and the result of this behavior.According to the model of the previous Vtalb result conduct a major role in the tendency of the child to repeat this behavior again or not, when are enhancing the childs behavior undesirable done, it will tend to repeat this behavior that has been strengthened and turns off behavior in the absence of promotion and take away the child towards the non-recurrencethis behavior. And accordance with rule Alslukihalta the states that behavior is supported by its immediate results, as is the use of several educational strategies, namely, (boosters, composition, sequencing, modeling, inductance).First: Reinforcement Learn and repeat the desired behaviors that lead to reward and avoid behaviors spam that lead to the punishment can be defined as reinforcement that means that lead to learning and repeating the behavior leads to reward and avoidance behavior leads to punishment and behavior occurs is unacceptable result of defects or deficiencies in this process as a result promote behavior including unwanted increases the likelihood that this behavior occurs again where he finds what reinforces it would be a mistake promoting unacceptable behavior where it could lead to extinction.Factors influencing the effectiveness Reinforcement: 1 - timing Reinforcement: where it should be immediate and not deferred any child must strengthened immediately after performance behavior. 2 - amount Reinforcement: general principle here is to reduce amount Reinforcement and not to give in abundance in all time so this remains enhanced desirable child and must be proportionate to amount enhanced nature of the behavior and effort child has done. 3 - Waiting Reinforcement: means strengthening child after each response or a certain number of responses or certain number of responses or after specific period time.4 - Choosing right Reinforcement: must know reinforcers loved by child and arranged according to degree preference. 5 - diversify Reinforcement: so that every child has a more enhanced and include these reinforcers games and materials and food activities. 6 - must provide social reinforcers with material reinforcers. 7 - Not giving enhanced for child bribe to stop crying or screaming. 8 - Do not give child only after completion enhanced asks him if only in terms of encouragement to difficulty task. 9 - Opportunity for child to an enhanced selection of who wants it. 10 - Providing boosters are sudden and unexpected, which makes child appears more motivation. 11 - Behavior that must named be strengthened especially at early childhood education as helps to understand child for good behavior, which led to strengthened. Second: Formation The formation behavior of the most strategies used in general and includes a configuration to provide Reinforcement gradually after behaviors that are approaching more and more from desired behaviors and when using mechanism of formation must specify behavior to small units are taught each unit of these units separately and after completion these small units are helping child to collect these units together to form a target behavior. Third: Sequence The sequence of behavior is a method includes connecting a series of behavior patterns simple to connect them to each other to form the behavior of complex and increases the effectiveness of this method when the child has already acquired a number of patterns of behavior, however, lacked exercise behavior complex the most important and commonly referred to behavior patterns simple in the series analyzed the task where are arranged behaviors analyze where the task is arranged behaviors required to perform the task and the sequence is usually used in teaching selfcare skills addition to the possibility of use at any skill steps are performed according to the order specified. Fourth: Modelling The learning model is one of the technicians conduct that may combined use Ptvinyat such as modulation and sequencing and induction where they are providing a model child about how the performance required of him may be a model teacher or a colleague or a video that is learning model procedure involves scientific behavior in front of child in order to help him to simulate this behavior. Fifth: Induction or indoctrination Needs some children to the induction of the performance of some of the skills or behaviors required or behaviors required, the longer the induction from technicians learning that will help child to perform correct response, including reducing the error child and supports the childs sense of success, also plays induces an important role in clarifying the expected response from the child and the risk only in the use of induction is that the child may become dependent upon to give correct response, but it can then encourage child to work independently through use the progressive exclusion. ** Gradual exclusion to induce There are some children rely on induction to accomplish what they asked to get enhanced and gradual exclusion helps to induce child to access to independence performance minimal assistance. ***************************************************************** Teacher / Muin Mohamed Mohamed Hijazi UNRWA / Regional Office Gaza Strip
Posted on: Fri, 15 Nov 2013 14:06:43 +0000
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