ADVERSE REACTIONS: IMMUNE REACTIONS Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) is a major cause of allergic disease in the Mexico. (Bessega 2000 ref.21899 0) (In: Killian 2004 ref.21893 9) Reference: Bessega C, Ferreyra L, Vilardi JC, Saidman BO. Unexpected low genetic differentiation among allopatric species of section Algarobia of Prosopis (leguminosae). Genetica 2000;109(3):255-66. A study in Saudi Arabia reported that a total of 76.1% patients in Qassim, 37.5% in Gizan, 29% in Abha and 11% in Hofuf were sensitized to Prosopis antigen. Multiple sensitivities to other pollen antigens were detected in all patients. The level of airborne Prosopis pollen detected in Gizan exceeded 90 grains m-3 of air. (Abdulrahman 1999 ref. 6202 1) Reference: Abdulrahman Al-Frayh et al. Human sensitization to Prosopis juliflora antigen in Saudi Arabia Ann Saudi Med 1999;19(4):331-336. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. (Franco-Vicario 1997 ref.7311 1) Reference : Franco-Vicario R, Gamboa P, Escalante M, Pueyo V, Sanz ML, Solano D, Miguel F. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by exposure to the legume algarroba. Allergy 1997;52(4):478-9 In 84 children with allergic rhinitis, skin testing with common allergens in the Saudi environment, found that Cat fur, Bermuda grass and mesquite were the most common allergens. Symptoms of recurrent rhinosinusitis, otitis media with effusion, tonsils and adenoids infection were commonly noticed among them. (al Anazy 1997 ref.4553 5) Reference:al Anazy FH, Zakzouk SM. The impact of social and environmental changes on allergic rhinitis among Saudi children. A clinical and allergological study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1997;42(1):1-9 Endoproteases have been ISOLATED from both ragweed and mesquite pollen, and the authors postulate that this may down regulate the allergenicity of the pollen. (Travis 1996 ref.4554 7) Reference: Travis J, Whitworth T, Matheson N, Bagarozzi D Jr. Proteinases from pollen and pests. Acta Biochim Pol 1996;43(3):411-7 In Tucson, Arizona, a city that has a high prevalence of allergic rhinitis and asthma, pollen from the Mesquite tree has been noted to be one of the major causes. (Sneller 1993 ref.4555 4) Reference: Sneller MR, Hayes HD, Pinnas JL. Pollen changes during five decades of urbanization in Tucson, Arizona. Ann Allergy 1993;71(6):519-24 Honey mesquite causes an allergic contact dermatitis to some humans who are sensitive. (Lucas 1989 ref.4556 7) Reference: Lucas SK, Buckley CE 3rd. Quantitative studies of cutaneous hypersensitivity: the prevalence of epicutaneous flare reactions to allergenic pollen extracts. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1989;84(4 Pt 1):465-74 Individuals with marked hypersensitivity to Mesquite pollen should be aware that honey might contain Mesquite pollen, as demonstrated by a report of a patient who was extremely sensitive to Mesquite pollen and experienced anaphylaxis after ingesting honey containing this pollen. (Mansfield 1981 ref.1106 8) Reference: Mansfield LE, Goldstein GB. Anaphylactic reaction after ingestion of local bee pollen. Ann Allergy 1981;47(3):154-6 Anaphylaxis to mesquite pollen found in honey. (Mansfield 1981 ref.1106 8) Reference:Mansfield LE, Goldstein GB. Anaphylactic reaction after ingestion of local bee pollen. Ann Allergy 1981;47(3):154-6 A patient is presented who experienced an anaphylactic reaction after ingesting locally produced bee pollen to treat his spring hay fever. Evaluation revealed the patient to be extremely sensitive to mesquite pollen, a major component of the bee pollen he ingested. Passive transfer skin testing and neutralization techniques suggested that the mesquite pollen was the allergen which caused his anaphylactic reaction. Four other allergic patients were known to have systemic reactions after taking bee pollen. The patients received no warning that the bee pollen was potentially dangerous to an allergic person. It is recommended that vendors of bee pollen be required to alert allergic patients about possible risks. (Mansfield 1981 ref.1106 5) Reference: Mansfield LE, Goldstein GB. Anaphylactic reaction after ingestion of local bee pollen. Ann Allergy 1981;47(3):154-6 ADVERSE REACTIONS: IMMUNE REACTIONS allallergy3bMesquite pollen has been implicated in hay fever and asthma in the southwest U.S., South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, U.A.E., and India. Skin sensitization is frequently more intense than with other common trees, although it has been suggested that some of the skin reactivity may be due to enzyme activity of peptidase in the pollen. (In: Weber 2007 ref.16775 7) (Lewis 1983 ref.4659 0) (Wodehouse 1971 ref.10033 7) (Novey 1977 ref.4558 8) (Bener 2002 ref.7472 0) Pollen from the mesquite tree is an important source of respiratory allergy in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to partially characterize the IgE binding proteins of P. juliflora pollen extract and study cross-reactivity with prevalent tree pollen allergens. Intradermal tests with P. juliflora and five other tree pollen extracts were performed on respiratory allergy patients from Bikaner (arid) and Delhi (semi arid). Prosopis extract elicited positive skin reactions in 71/220 of the patients. Sera were collected from 38 of these 71 patients and all demonstrated elevated specific IgE to P. juliflora. Immunoblotting with pooled patients’ sera demonstrated 16 IgE binding components, with components of 24, 26, 29, 31, 35, 52, 58, 66 and 95 kDa recognized by more than 80% of individual patients’ sera. P. juliflora extract is allergenically potent requiring 73 ng of self-protein for 50% inhibition of IgE binding in ELISA inhibition. Cross-inhibition assays showed close relationship among P. juliflora, Ailanthus excelsa, Cassia siamea and Salvadora persica. IgE binding components of 14, 41, 52 and 66 kDa were shared allergens whereas 26 and 29 kDa were specific to P. juliflora. (Dhyani 2006 ref.21644 7) Reference: Dhyani A, Arora N, Gaur SN, Jain VK, Sridhara S, Singh BP. Analysis of IgE binding proteins of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) pollen and cross-reactivity with predominant tree pollens. Immunobiology 2006;211(9):733-40. Two asthmatic patients who are allergic to the pollen allergen of Prosopis juliflora, a perennial tree abundantly seen in Delhi and northern India, are presented. Both developed immediate (Type I) as well as late (Type III) responses to intradermal, as well as inhalation, provocation tests. (Menon 1977 ref.6211 7) Reference:Menon MP, Das AK, Singh AB. Dual asthmatic responses to prosopis juliflora. Ann Allergy 1977;39(5):351-4 Mesquite pollen is a potent allergen capable of evoking immediate hypersensitivity reactions in a susceptible population in California remote from the plant source. This study reports that 62% of 100 consecutive patients attending an allergy clinic who were shown to be positive to mesquite pollen, and confirmed by a Radioallergosorbent tests, despite the absence of the plant within a 50-mile radius. (Novey 1977 ref.4558 2) Reference: Novey HS, Roth M, Wells ID. Mesquite pollen–an aeroallergen in asthma and allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1977;59(5):359-63 information from ( aaproject.org/ )
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