According to the Yezidi calendar, April 2012 marked the beginning of their year 6,762 (thereby year 1 would have been in 4,750 BC in the Gregorian calendar).[50] During the fourteenth century, important Yezidi tribes whose sphere of influence stretched well into what is now Turkey (including, for a period, the rulers of the principality of Jazira) are cited in historical sources as Yazidi. According to Moḥammed Aš-Šahrastani, The Yezidis are the followers of Yezîd bn Unaisa, who [said that he] kept friendship with the first Muhakkama before the Azariḳa[51] It is clear, then, that Aš-Šahrastani finds the religious origin of this interesting people in the person of Yezîd bn Unaisa. ... We are to understand, therefore, that to the knowledge of the writer, bn Unaisa is the founder of the Yezidi sect, which took its name from him.[52] Now, the first Muhakkamah is an appellative applied to the Muslim schismatics called Al-Ḫawarij. ... According to this it might be inferred that the Yezidis were originally a Ḫarijite sub-sect.[53] Yezid moreover, is said to have been in sympathy with Al-Abaḍiyah, a sect founded by Abd-Allah Ibn Ibaḍ.[53] Religious beliefs[edit] Main article: Yazdanism Part of a series on Yazdânism Roj The yellow sun with 21 rays. The number 21 holds great importance in the ancient religious practice of Yazdânism. Branches Yazidi (Êzidîtî) Ishikism (Elewîtî) Elî-Îlâhî (Yezdânîtî) Ahl-e Haqq (Yarsanîtî) Zoroastrian Yazdânism (Zerdeştîtî) Blessed persons in Yezidi faith Sheikh ‘Adī ibn Musāfir al-Umawī (Şêx Adî) Blessed person Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam (Kharijite assassin of Ali ibn Abi Talib) Yezidi holy scripture and worship Yazidi Book of Revelation (Kitêba Cilwe) Yazidi Black Book (Mishefa Reş) Melek Taus (Tawûsê Melek) Blessed persons in Yâresân faith Epochs of Khawandagar (God) Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Elî) · Shah Khoshin Sultan Sahak (Siltan Sahak) Yâresân holy scripture and worship Kalâm-e Saranjâm History and culture Nowruz and Newroz in Kurdistan Adherents Mehrdad Izady · Hajj Nematollah Mullah Mustafa · Kurds · Nur Ali Elahi Hawraman · Hewrami · Auramani · Sirwan Zaza-Gorani · Soranî · Goranî · Goranîs Kurdistan · Iranian Kurdistan Province Iranian Kurdistan · Iraqi Kurdistan Luristan · Lalish · Yezidis in Armenia Portal icon Religion portal v t e Yazidis are monotheists, believing in one God, who created the world and entrusted it into the care of a Heptad of seven Holy Beings, often known as Angels or heft sirr (the Seven Mysteries). Preeminent among these is Tawûsê Melek (frequently known as Melek Taus in English publications), the Peacock Angel.[citation needed] Yazidism is not an offshoot of another religion, but shows influence from the many religions of the Middle East. Core Yazidi cosmology has a pre-Zoroastrian Iranian origin, but Yazidism also includes elements of ancient nature-worship, as well as influences from Christianity, Gnosticism, Zoroastrianism, Islam and Judaism. The heptad of angels are Gods emanations which are formed of the light of God. God delegates most of his action to the heptad and is therefore somewhat deistic in nature.[citation needed] The Yazidis of Kurdistan have been called many things, most notoriously devil-worshippers, a term used both by unsympathetic neighbours and fascinated Westerners. This sensational epithet is not only deeply offensive to the Yazidis themselves, but quite simply wrong.[54] Non-Yazidis have associated Melek Taus with Shaytan (Islamic/Arab name) or Satan, but Yazidis find that offensive and do not actually mention that name.[54] According to claims in Encyclopedia of the Orient, The reason for the Yazidis reputation of being devil worshipers is connected to the other name of Melek Taus, Shaytan, the same name the Koran has for Satan.[55] Furthermore, the Yazidi story regarding Tawûsê Meleks rise to favor with God is almost identical to the story of the jinn Iblis in Islam, except that Yazidis revere Tawûsê Melek for[citation needed] refusing to submit to God by bowing to Adam, while Muslims believe that Iblis refusal to submit caused him to fall out of Grace with God, and to later become Satan himself.[56] Tawûsê Melek is often identified by Muslims and Christians with Shaitan (Satan). Yazidis, however, believe Tawûsê Melek is not a source of evil or wickedness. They consider him to be the leader of the archangels, not a fallen angel.[19][20] They are forbidden from speaking the name Shaitan. They also hold that the source of evil is in the heart and spirit of humans themselves, not in Tawûsê Melek. The active forces in their religion are Tawûsê Melek and Sheik Adî.[citation needed] The Kitêba Cilwe Book of Illumination, which claims to be the words of Tawûsê Melek, and which presumably represents Yazidi belief, states that he allocates responsibilities, blessings and misfortunes as he sees fit and that it is not for the race of Adam to question him. Sheikh Adî believed that the spirit of Tawûsê Melek was the same as his own, perhaps as a reincarnation. He is reported to have said: I was present when Adam was living in Paradise, and also when Nemrud threw Abraham in fire. I was present when God said to me: You are the ruler and Lord on the Earth. God, the compassionate, gave me seven earths and throne of the heaven.
Posted on: Wed, 20 Aug 2014 17:53:17 +0000
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