Bismillaahirahmaanirrahiim #AL_FATIHAH (Part one : The Name) It is named Al-Fatihah, the Opening - because it opens the Book and by it the recitation in prayer commences. It is also named Umm al-Quran, the Mother of the Quran, and Umm al-Kitab, the Mother of the Book, according to the opinion of the majority. This was mentioned by Anas RA, however Al- Hasan and Ibn Sirin disliked this appellation reasoning that this was the most fitting description for the Preserved Tablet. Al-Hasan also said that the unequivocal verses of the Quran comprised the Mother of the Book. However, it is established in Sahih At-Tirmidhi from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said : The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said, [The chapter commencing with] All praises and thanks are due to Allah the Lord of the Universe is the Mother of the Quran, the Mother of the Book, the Seven Oft Repeated Verses and the Great Quran. (i.e. Umm al-Quran, Umm al-Kitab, Sabul-Mathani and Al-Quran al-Adhim) At-Tirmidhi declared the hadith to be sahih. Al-Bukhari said in the beginning of the Book of Tafsir in his Sahih : It is named Umm al-Quran because it is the first chapter written in the Quranic texts and the recitation in prayer commences with it. Ibn Jarir at-Tabari said that it was named so because the meaning of the entire Quran is summarised therein. The Arabs named anything that concisely summarises something or comprises the most important part of something Umm, or Mother. For similar reasons it is also named Al-Quran al- Adhim, the Great Quran. It is also named Sabul-Mathani, the Seven Oft Repeated Verses, because they are frequently recited and indeed recited in every rakah of the prayer. It is also named Al-Hamd, the Praise because it contains mention of hamd just as Al-Baqarah is named so because it contains mention of the cow. Some scholars also gave the reasoning that Al- Hamd constitutes the heart of Al-Fatihah. It is also named As-Salah, the Prayer due to his (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) saying while reporting from his Lord: I have divided the prayer between Myself and my servant equally. Therefore when the servant says, all praises and thanks are due to Allah, the Lord of the universe, Allah says, My servant has praised Me. ... It is named the Prayer because its recitation is a condition for the validity of the prayer. It is also named Ash-Shifa, the Cure, due to what Ad-Darimi reports from Abu Said (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam): The Opening of the Book is a cure to every poison. It is also named Ar-Ruqya, the Spiritual Cure due to the hadith of Abu Said (may Allah be pleased with him) reported in Sahih Al-Bukhari that after he had recited it to cure a person who had been bitten by a scorpion, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said to him: And what made you to know that it was a ruqya ? Ash-Shabi reports from Ibn Abbas that he named it Asas al-Quran, the Foundation of the Quran, and that he said, The foundation of Al-Fatihah is,with the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Sufyan bin Uyaynah named it Al-Waqiyah, the Protector. Yahya ibn Abu Kathir named it Al-Kafiyah, the Sufficient, because it suffices from everything other than it but anything else does not suffice it, as occurs in the mursal hadith: The Mother of the Book suffices for other than it but nothing else suffices it. It is also named Surat as-Salah, the Chapter of the Prayer, and Al-Kanz, the Treasure, as mentioned by Az-Zamakshari in Kashshaf. (To be Continued ... In shaa Allaah with With The Virtue of Al Fatihah)
Posted on: Wed, 14 Jan 2015 10:57:25 +0000
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