December 29,2014 Part 1. Good Morning. *Welcome:Cole Rodney, Brody Lee, Fidihealth Tip group. **ALL -continuing from yesterday. Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment. General Information: *Incidence and Epidemiology. ALL is the most common cancer diagnosed in children and represents approximately 25% of cancer diagnoses among children younger than 15 years. ALL occurs at an annual rate of 35 to 40 cases per 1 million people in the United States. There are approximately 2,900 children and adolescents younger than 20 years diagnosed with ALL each year in the U.S. Over the past 25 years, there has been a gradual increase in the incidence of ALL. A sharp peak in ALL incidence is observed among children aged 2 to 3 years. The incidence of ALL among children aged 2 to 3 years is approximately fourfold greater than for infants and fivefold greater than that for children aged 10 years and older. The incidence of ALL appears to be highest in Hispanic children. The incidence is substantially higher in white children than in black children, with a nearly threefold higher incidence of ALL from ages 2 to 3 years in white than in black children. *Anatomy: Childhood ALL originates in the T-and B-lymphoblasts in the bone marrow. *Risk Factors for Developing ALL. The primary risk factors for ALL include:*Prenatal exposure to x-rays. *Postnatal exposure to high doses of radiation(e.g. therapeutic radiation as previously used for conditions such as tinea capitis and thymus enlargement). *Genetic conditions that include: Down syndrome. Neurofibromatosis. Shwachman syndrome. Bloom Syndrome. Ataxia telangiectasia. *Inherited genetic polymorphisms. *Carriers of a constitutional Robertsonian translocation that involves chromosomes 15 and 21 are specifically and highly predisposed to developing iAMP21ALL. (cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/childALL 12/27/14.) More about ALL tomorrow. Part 2 is next.
Posted on: Mon, 29 Dec 2014 10:17:47 +0000
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