Experimental tokamaks[edit] Currently in operation[edit] (in chronological order of start of operations) Alcator C-Mod 1960s: TM1-MH (since 1977 Castor, since 2007 Golem[9]) in Prague, Czech Republic; in operation in Kurchatov Institute since early 1960s; renamed to Castor in 1977 and moved to IPP CAS,[10] Prague; 2007 moved to FNSPE, Czech Technical University in Prague, and renamed to Golem[11] 1975: T-10, in Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia (formerly Soviet Union); 2 MW 1978: TEXTOR, in Jülich, Germany 1983: Joint European Torus (JET), in Culham, United Kingdom 1983: Novillo Tokamak,[12] at the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares,in Mexico City, Mexico 1985: JT-60, in Naka, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan; (Currently undergoing upgrade to Super, Advanced model) 1987: STOR-M, University of Saskatchewan; Canada; first demonstration of alternating current in a tokamak. 1988: Tore Supra,[13] at the CEA, Cadarache, France 1989: Aditya, at Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) in Gujarat, India 1980s: DIII-D,[14] in San Diego, USA; operated by General Atomics since the late 1980s 1989: COMPASS,[10] in Prague, Czech Republic; in operation since 2008, previously operated from 1989 to 1999 in Culham, United Kingdom 1990: FTU, in Frascati, Italy 1991: Tokamak ISTTOK,[15] at the Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Lisbon, Portugal; Outside view of the NSTX reactor 1991: ASDEX Upgrade, in Garching, Germany 1992: H-1NF (H-1 National Plasma Fusion Research Facility)[16] based on the H-1 Heliac device built by Australia National Universitys plasma physics group and in operation since 1992 1992: Alcator C-Mod,[17] MIT, Cambridge, USA 1992: Tokamak à configuration variable (TCV), at the EPFL, Switzerland 1994: TCABR, at the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; this tokamak was transferred from Centre des Recherches en Physique des Plasmas in Switzerland 1995: HT-7, in Hefei, China 1999: MAST, in Culham, United Kingdom 1999: NSTX in Princeton, New Jersey 1999: Globus-M in Ioffe Institute 1990s: Pegasus Toroidal Experiment[18] at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; in operation since the late 1990s 2002: HL-2A, in Chengdu, China 2006: EAST (HT-7U), in Hefei, China (ITER member) 2008: KSTAR, in Daejon, South Korea (ITER member) 2010: JT-60SA, in Naka, Japan (ITER member); upgraded from the JT-60. 2012: SST-1, in Gandhinagar, India (ITER member); the Institute for Plasma Research reports 1000 seconds operation.[19] 2012: IR-T1, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran[20]
Posted on: Sat, 23 Aug 2014 15:55:08 +0000
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