Ferdinand Marcos[edit] Main article: History of the Philippines (1965–1986) See also: Proclamation № 1081 On a privilege speech of Benigno Aquino, Jr., he warned the public of the possible establishment of a “garrison state” by President Marcos. President Marcos declared martial law from 1972 to 1981 to suppress increasing civil strife and the threat of communist takeover following a series of bombings in Manila.[citation needed] On August 21, 1971, while the opposition (Liberal Party) was having their meeting de avance two fragmentation grenades exploded.[citation needed] It took 9 lives and left more than 100 people seriously wounded.[citation needed] Some Liberal Party candidates were seriously injured including Jovito Salonga, who nearly died and was visually impaired. Suspicion of responsibility for the blast initially fell upon Marcos, whom the Liberals blamed for the bombing; however, in later years, prominent personalities associated with the event have laid the blame on the Communist Party of the Philippines under José María Sison.[13] Jovito Salonga, in his autobiography, states his belief that Sison and the CPP were responsible.[14] A month of “terrorist bombing” of public facilities in Manila and Quezon City culminated on September 22 with a mock[citation needed] assassination attempt on Defense Secretary Juan Ponce Enrile. Claiming chaos and lawlessness was near, Marcos declared martial law, thereby suspending the 1935 constitution, dissolving Congress, and assuming total power. Six hours after the Enrile assassination attempt, Marcos responded with the imposition of martial law. Proclamation № 1081 which imposed martial law was dated 21 September 1972, but it was actually signed on 17 September. The formal announcement of the proclamation was made only at seven-thirty in the evening of 23 September, about twenty-two hours after he had commanded his military collaborators to start arresting his political opponents and close down all media and retail (fashion, food, religious, sports) establishments.[15] Proclamation No. 1081 read in part:
Posted on: Sat, 29 Jun 2013 05:51:08 +0000
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