GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT, 1935 SALIENT FEATURES : The Government of India Act, 1935 contained 32 Sections, 14 parts and 10 Schedules and consisted on 2 Major Parts. The Act introduced a federal system at center. Its Salient Features are as under: CREATION OF TWO NEW PROVINCES: The Act provided for creation of two new provinces of Sindh and Orissa. The new provinces together with the NWFP formed the Governor provinces making 11 in all 2. INTRODUCTION OF PROVINCIAL AUTONOMY : In the provinces Diarchy was abolished. There was no Reserve Subjects and no Executive Council in the provinces. The Council of Ministers was to administer all the provincial subjects except certain matters like law and order etc. for which the government had special responsibilities. The ministers were chosen from among the elected members of provincial legislature and were collectively responsible to it. 3. ALL INDIA FEDERATION: The India Act, 1935 proposed to set up All Indian Federation comprising of the British Indian Provinces and Princely States. The constituent units of Federation were 11 Governor’s provinces , 6 Chief Commissioner’s provinces and all those states that agreed to join it. The states were absolutely free to join or not to join the proposed Federation. At the time of joining the Federation the ruler of the state was to execute an Instrument of Accession in favour of Crown. On accepting that Instrument , the state was become a unit of the Federation. The ruler was however authorized to extend the functions of the federal authority in respect of his state by executing another instrument in its internal affairs. 6. PROTECTION OF MINORITIES : A very significant provision was the safeguards and protective amours for the minorities. It was argued that the minorities needed protection from the dominance of the majority community. But the nationalist knew that the so-called provisions in the Act relating to safeguards were merely a trick to empower the Governor General and the Governors to override the ministers and the legislators 7. BICAMERLA LEGISLATURE: The proposed federal legislature
Posted on: Mon, 17 Jun 2013 10:52:01 +0000
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