General Purpose Registers: Atmega16 is equipped with 32 general purpose registers which are coupled directly with the Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) of CPU. · Memory: Atmega16 consist of three different memory sections: 1. Flash EEPROM: Flash EEPROM or simple flash memory is used to store the program dumped or burnt by the user on to the microcontroller. It can be easily erased electrically as a single unit. Flash memory is non-volatile i.e., it retains the program even if the power is cut-off. Atmega16 is available with 16KB of in system programmable Flash EEPROM. 2. Byte Addressable EEPROM: This is also a nonvolatile memory used to store data like values of certain variables. Atmega16 has 512 bytes of EEPROM, this memory can be useful for storing the lock code if we are designing an application like electronic door lock. 3. SRAM: Static Random Access Memory, this is the volatile memory of microcontroller i.e., data is lost as soon as power is turned off. Atmega16 is equipped with 1KB of internal SRAM. A small portion of SRAM is set aside for general purpose registers used by CPU and some for the peripheral subsystems of the microcontroller. · ISP: AVR family of controllers have In System Programmable Flash Memory which can be programmed without removing the IC from the circuit, ISP allows to reprogram the controller while it is in the application circuit. · SPI: Serial Peripheral Interface, SPI port is used for serial communication between two devices on a common clock source. The data transmission rate of SPI is more than that of USART. · TWI: Two Wire Interface (TWI) can be used to set up a network of devices, many devices can be connected over TWI interface forming a network, the devices can simultaneously transmit and receive and have their own unique address. · DAC: Atmega16 is also equipped with a Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) interface which can be used for reverse action performed by ADC. DAC can be used when there is a need of converting a digital signal to analog signal.
Posted on: Thu, 26 Sep 2013 04:30:15 +0000
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