HOST ACYL COENZYME A BINDING PROTEIN REGULATES REPLICATION COMPLEX ASSEMBLY AND ACTIVITY OF A POSITIVE-STRAND RNA VIRUS Lipids are the major components of cellular membranes and thus play critical roles in viral RNA replications. The entry, replication, and secretion of hepatitis C virus (HCV) require cholesterol synthesis (84), which is also necessary for replication of tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) (70). Continuous fatty acid (FA) synthesis has been demonstrated to be necessary for replication of multiple positive-strand RNA viruses, including poliovirus (22), Semliki Forest virus (SFV) (55), HCV (33), Drosophila C virus (11), and cowpea mosaic virus (6). In addition, viruses stimulate lipid synthesis to accommodate formation of their replication complexes. Increased phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis is induced upon FHV replication (7) and poliovirus infection (53, 74). Similarly, DENV infection promotes a 3-fold increase of total FA synthesis by recruiting host fatty acid synthase (FASN) to viral replication complexes via an interaction between DENV nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) and FASN (25). Better understanding of the interaction between lipid synthesis/composition and viral replication complex assembly and function should provide insights into the mechanisms of membrane rearrangements and identify novel host targets to develop critical antiviral strategies, including nutritional.
Posted on: Sun, 10 Nov 2013 12:55:41 +0000