Hydrogen, octane, gasolene. Octane is a hydrocarbon and an alkane with the chemical formula C8H18, and the condensed structural formula CH3(CH2)6CH3. Octane has many structural isomers that differ by the amount and location of branching in the carbon chain. One of these isomers, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) is used as one of the standard values in the octane rating scale. Octane is a component of gasoline (petrol). As with all low molecular weight hydrocarbons, octane is volatile and very flammable. Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. Its molecule is composed of 6 carbon atoms joined in a ring, with 1 hydrogen atom attached to each carbon atom. Because its molecules contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon. Benzene is a natural constituent of crude oil, and is one of the most elementary petrochemicals. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon and the second [n]-annulene ([6]-annulene), a cyclic hydrocarbon with a continuous pi bond. It is sometimes abbreviated Ph–H. Benzene is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell. It is mainly used as a precursor to heavy chemicals, such as ethylbenzene and cumene, which are produced on a billion kilogram scale. Because it has a high octane number, it is an important component of gasoline, comprising a few percent of its mass. Most non-industrial applications have been limited by benzenes carcinogenicity. The role of carbon in petrol is to provide stability to the hydrogen. Carbon adds nothing to the energy available from burning hydrogen in petrol. The role of benzine and octane in petrol is to formulate burn characteristics suitable for use - eg as in internal combustion engines. Pure hydrogen when consumed at point of generation has few transport and storage difficulties. EG if Hyrdogen were used as a night time generator of electricity via hydrogen boilers, after being generated during the day by solar electrolysis or some other available method (synthetic photosynthesis), solar power could operate a national grid day and night. Such a grid could enable the recharging of a completely electric vehicle fleet, and H generation could render fuel cells viable. The main reason why petrol has lasted so long is due to the fact that carbon stabilisation of hydrogen (as in the gasolene molecule) is cheap, whereas at present, there is no infrastructure for the economic distribution of hydrogen as a fuel used by individuals. The used of catalytic hyrides (hydogen storage in metals which is released by heating may be a viable meathod of storing hydrogen in a stablised form within the private automobile. (See Mercedes hydrogen hydride car). The use of hydrogen to help the national seems the easiest way to cleanly recharge electric vehiles, with or without local solar charging for individual vehicles. Of course a central network of hydrogen/solar power stations would replace nuclear power and fossil fuel power stations by modifying the thermal input stage3 of already existing power stations. (change the boiler type and fuel, every thing basically stays the same.
Posted on: Sat, 08 Nov 2014 04:20:49 +0000
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