Just in case some of you are to tired to open the link.lol..heres a peep at what the crusades intel... The Crusades were military campaigns sanctioned by the Latin #Roman Catholic #Church during the High Middle Ages and Late Middle Ages. In 1095 Pope Urban IIproclaimed the First Crusade with the stated goal of restoring Christian access to holy places in and near Jerusalem. Many historians and some of those involved at the time, like Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, give equal precedence to other #papal-sanctioned #military campaigns undertaken for a variety of religious, economic, and political reasons, such as the Albigensian Crusade, theAragonese Crusade, the Reconquista, and theNorthern Crusades.[1] Following the First Crusade there was an intermittent 200-year struggle for #control of the #Holy #Land, with six more major crusades and numerous minor ones. In 1291, the conflict ended in failure with the fall of the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land at Acre, after which Roman Catholic Europe mounted no further coherent response in the #east. (This why they are back in the middle east talking over now) Some historians see the Crusades as part of a purely defensive #war against #Islamic conquest (This is when Mohammed was making his run, taking over territory with the unified Arabs nations of Islam); some see them as part of long-running conflict at the frontiers of #Europe; and others see them as confident, aggressive, #papal-led (Pope)#expansion attempts by Western #Christendom. Crusading attracted men and women of all classes. The #massacres involved were mainly attributed as being caused by disorder, an epidemic of ergotismand economic distress.[2] The Byzantine Empire was unable to recover territory lost during the initial Muslim conquests under the expansionist Rashidun and Umayyad caliphsin the #Arab–Byzantine Wars and theByzantine–Seljuq Wars; these conquests culminated in the loss of fertile farmlands[3]and vast grazing areas of Anatolia[4] in 1071, after a sound victory by the occupying armies of Seljuk Turks at the Battle of Manzikert. Urban II sought to reunite the #Christian church under his leadership by providing Emperor Alexios I with military support. (Psalms 83 _ ishmaelites and edomites counseling against us) Several hundred thousand #Roman Catholic #Christians became crusaders by taking a public vow and receiving plenary indulgencesfrom the church.[5][6] These crusaders were Christians from all over Western #Europe under feudal rather than unified command, and the politics were often complicated to the point of intra-faith competition leading to alliances between combatants of different faiths against their coreligionists, such as the Christian alliance with the Islamic Sultanate of Rûm during the Fifth Crusade. Furthermore, #whoever #joined the ranks of the crusaders #gained #spiritual #immunity, Pope Urban II #promised #forgiveness of #all #sins to #whosoever #took up the #cross and #joined in the #war
Posted on: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 02:13:17 +0000
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