Malcolm X From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the person. For other uses, see Malcolm X (disambiguation). Malik Shabazz redirects here. For other people of that name, see Malik Shabazz (disambiguation). Page semi-protected Malcolm X A 38-year-old man in a suit and tie smiles broadly. He wears glasses and has a microphone around his neck Malcolm X in March 1964 Born Malcolm Little May 19, 1925 Omaha, Nebraska, U.S. Died February 21, 1965 (aged 39) New York City, New York, U.S. Cause of death Assassination (multiple gunshots) Resting place Ferncliff Cemetery Other names El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz Occupation Minister, activist Organization Nation of Islam, Muslim Mosque, Inc., Organization of Afro-American Unity Political movement Black nationalism, Pan-Africanism Religion Sunni Islam (converted from Nation of Islam) Spouse(s) Betty Shabazz (m. 1958) Children Attallah Shabazz Qubilah Shabazz Ilyasah Shabazz Gamilah Lumumba Shabazz Malikah Shabazz Malaak Shabazz Parents Earl Little, Louise Norton Little Signature Malcolm X Signature.svg Malcolm X (/ˈmælkəm ˈɛks/; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965), born Malcolm Little and also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz[A] (Arabic: الحاجّ مالك الشباز), was an African-American Muslim minister and a human rights activist. To his admirers he was a courageous advocate for the rights of blacks, a man who indicted white America in the harshest terms for its crimes against black Americans; detractors accused him of preaching racism and violence. He has been called one of the greatest and most influential African Americans in history. Malcolm X was effectively orphaned early in life. His father was killed when he was six and his mother was placed in a mental hospital when he was thirteen, after which he lived in a series of foster homes. In 1946, at age 20, he went to prison for larceny and breaking and entering. While in prison he became a member of the Nation of Islam, and after his parole in 1952 quickly rose to become one of its leaders. For a dozen years he was the public face of the controversial group; in keeping with the Nations teachings he espoused black supremacy, advocated the separation of black and white Americans and scoffed at the civil rights movements emphasis on integration. By March 1964 Malcolm X had grown disillusioned with the Nation of Islam and its head Elijah Muhammad, and ultimately repudiated the Nation and its teachings. He embraced Sunni Islam and, after a period of travel in Africa and the Middle East, returned to the United States to found Muslim Mosque, Inc. and the Organization of Afro-American Unity. While continuing to emphasize Pan-Africanism, black self-determination, and black self-defense, he disavowed racism, saying, I did many things as a [Black] Muslim that Im sorry for now. I was a zombie then ... pointed in a certain direction and told to march.[1] In February 1965, shortly after repudiating the Nation of Islam, he was assassinated by three of its members. The Autobiography of Malcolm X, published shortly after his death, is considered one of the most influential nonfiction books of the 20th century. Contents 1 Early years 2 Nation of Islam period 2.1 Prison 2.2 Early ministry 2.3 Marriage and family 2.4 Johnson Hinton incident 2.5 Increasing prominence 2.6 Advocacy and teachings while with Nation 2.7 Impact on Nation membership 3 Leaving the Nation of Islam 4 Activities after leaving the Nation 4.1 Organizations founded and views expressed 4.2 Becoming a Sunni Muslim 4.3 Pilgrimage to Mecca 4.4 Africa 4.5 France and United Kingdom 4.6 Return to United States 5 Death threats and intimidation from Nation of Islam 6 Assassination 6.1 Funeral 6.2 Reactions to assassination 6.3 Allegations of conspiracy 7 Philosophy 7.1 Beliefs of the Nation of Islam 7.2 Independent views 8 Legacy 8.1 Portrayals in film and on stage 8.2 Memorials and tributes 9 Published works 10 See also 11 Notes 12 References 12.1 Footnotes 12.2 Works cited 13 Further reading 14 External links Malcolm X From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the person. For other uses, see Malcolm X (disambiguation). Malik Shabazz redirects here. For other people of that name, see Malik Shabazz (disambiguation). Page semi-protected Malcolm X A 38-year-old man in a suit and tie smiles broadly. He wears glasses and has a microphone around his neck Malcolm X in March 1964 Born Malcolm Little May 19, 1925 Omaha, Nebraska, U.S. Died February 21, 1965 (aged 39) New York City, New York, U.S. Cause of death Assassination (multiple gunshots) Resting place Ferncliff Cemetery Other names El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz Occupation Minister, activist Organization Nation of Islam, Muslim Mosque, Inc., Organization of Afro-American Unity Political movement Black nationalism, Pan-Africanism Religion Sunni Islam (converted from Nation of Islam) Spouse(s) Betty Shabazz (m. 1958) Children Attallah Shabazz Qubilah Shabazz Ilyasah Shabazz Gamilah Lumumba Shabazz Malikah Shabazz Malaak Shabazz Parents Earl Little, Louise Norton Little Signature Malcolm X Signature.svg Malcolm X (/ˈmælkəm ˈɛks/; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965), born Malcolm Little and also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz[A] (Arabic: الحاجّ مالك الشباز), was an African-American Muslim minister and a human rights activist. To his admirers he was a courageous advocate for the rights of blacks, a man who indicted white America in the harshest terms for its crimes against black Americans; detractors accused him of preaching racism and violence. He has been called one of the greatest and most influential African Americans in history. Malcolm X was effectively orphaned early in life. His father was killed when he was six and his mother was placed in a mental hospital when he was thirteen, after which he lived in a series of foster homes. In 1946, at age 20, he went to prison for larceny and breaking and entering. While in prison he became a member of the Nation of Islam, and after his parole in 1952 quickly rose to become one of its leaders. For a dozen years he was the public face of the controversial group; in keeping with the Nations teachings he espoused black supremacy, advocated the separation of black and white Americans and scoffed at the civil rights movements emphasis on integration. By March 1964 Malcolm X had grown disillusioned with the Nation of Islam and its head Elijah Muhammad, and ultimately repudiated the Nation and its teachings. He embraced Sunni Islam and, after a period of travel in Africa and the Middle East, returned to the United States to found Muslim Mosque, Inc. and the Organization of Afro-American Unity. While continuing to emphasize Pan-Africanism, black self-determination, and black self-defense, he disavowed racism, saying, I did many things as a [Black] Muslim that Im sorry for now. I was a zombie then ... pointed in a certain direction and told to march.[1] In February 1965, shortly after repudiating the Nation of Islam, he was assassinated by three of its members. The Autobiography of Malcolm X, published shortly after his death, is considered one of the most influential nonfiction books of the 20th century. Contents 1 Early years 2 Nation of Islam period 2.1 Prison 2.2 Early ministry 2.3 Marriage and family 2.4 Johnson Hinton incident 2.5 Increasing prominence 2.6 Advocacy and teachings while with Nation 2.7 Impact on Nation membership 3 Leaving the Nation of Islam 4 Activities after leaving the Nation 4.1 Organizations founded and views expressed 4.2 Becoming a Sunni Muslim 4.3 Pilgrimage to Mecca 4.4 Africa 4.5 France and United Kingdom 4.6 Return to United States 5 Death threats and intimidation from Nation of Islam 6 Assassination 6.1 Funeral 6.2 Reactions to assassination 6.3 Allegations of conspiracy 7 Philosophy 7.1 Beliefs of the Nation of Islam 7.2 Independent views 8 Legacy 8.1 Portrayals in film and on stage 8.2 Memorials and tributes 9 Published works 10 See also 11 Notes 12 References 12.1 Footnotes 12.2 Works cited 13 Further reading 14 Extern
Posted on: Sat, 24 May 2014 01:16:31 +0000
Trending Topics
Recently Viewed Topics
© 2015