Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi had a chief minister father and a religious mother practising Vaishnavism. After his study in London at Inner Temple, he set up a law practice in Bombay. He soon was sent to office in South Africa. Getting thrown out of a first-class railway coach and beaten up by a white stagecoach driver after refusing to give up his seat for a European passenger influenced him to develope Satyagraha concept, or passive resistance, a non-cooperation with authorities in South Africa. In 1906, after Transvaal government pass ordinance regarding Indian registration, Mohandas Ghandi led a campaign led for next eight years with lots of Indians including women jailed and being shot. South Africa government accepted compromise negotiated by Mohandas Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important concessions like recognition of Indian marriage and abolition of existing poll tax for Indians. In India, Mohandas Gandhi supported British war effort in World War 1 including launching an organized campaign of passive resistance in response to Parliament’s page of Rowlatt Acts but he backed off after violence broke out. People called Mahatma, a great soul. Mohandas always dressed in a loincloth. He led boycotts of British manufacturers and institutions including legislatures and schools. But he announced end of movement, to dismay of his followers. He was arrested and sentenced to six years in prison. In Divided Movement in1931, Mohandas Ghandi represented Congress Party at Round Table Conference in London. Some of his party colleagues, particularly Mohammed Ali Jinnah, a leading voice for India’s Muslim minority saw a lack of concrete gains. Mohandas Ghandi began a series of hunger strikes in protest of treatment of Indias so called untouchables and called Harijans. The hunger strikes caused swift reforms among his followers, Hindu community and government, which is an uproar. In 1934, Mohandas Ghandi announced retirement but worked on rural communities. Then he returned for Indian cooperation demanding British withdrawal from India. British splitted country into two domains: India and Pakistan. Ghandi strongly opposed Partition but Mohandas Ghandi urged that after independence Hindus and Muslims could achieve peace internally so he undertook a hunger strike until riots in Calcutta ceased. Mohandas Ghandi unfortunately was always imprisoned upon his pursuit of non-cooperation undertaking a number of hunger strike to protest oppression of India’s poorest classes. Hindu fundamentalist, in 1948, shot him dead in January 1948. About 1 million people followed procession as Mohandas’ body were carried and cremated on banks of holy Jumna River. https://youtube/watch?v=8yMcNubXqc4 Bibliography: history/topics/mahatma-gandhi
Posted on: Wed, 10 Dec 2014 14:45:05 +0000
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