Morning, August 1st is the National holiday of Switzerland Federal Charter and Rütlischwur As Geburstermin of Switzerland is generally August 1, 1291 (year of death of the first German king from the House of Habsburg, Rudolf of Habsburg). The old Confederation was created as a loose alliance of three valleys on Lake Lucerne in Central Switzerland: Uri (at the top, the southern end of the lake located), Schwyz (on the northeastern banks) and Unterwalden (on the western shore). Man leaning against the governors of the Counts of Habsburg: on (headquarters of Habsburg in the Aargau canton). The goal was not a detachment from the German Reich, but the recovery and renewal of old rights of autonomy. The Federal Charter of 1291 The Federal Charter of 1291 is now in the Federal Archives in Schwyz kept letter The Federal Charter of 1291 is a latin Redacted, short document that has a great similarity with many other documents from the late medieval Europe of form and in content. Originally, so be sealed well known as a general peace. The purpose of the Federal Charter may have been in times of weak central government on the one hand, the maintenance of a minimum legal order and legal certainty, on the other hand should not have been averse to local elites, precisely exploit this situation in order to consolidate its position (against the mentioned in the Federal Charter foreign judges). (Please see the interactive learning programs in the Federal Charter Museum in Schwyz.) The dating of the Federal Charter of 1291 also holds the latest findings with the C14 method was: The parchment used actually comes from the late 13th century! (Please see the video at Federal Charter Museum in Schwyz.) The Federal Charter of 1291 was long forgotten in Schwyz in the old archive tower, and even after its rediscovery in the 18th century it not too much attention was initially paid. It was not until the formation of nation-states around Switzerland around 1860 - 1880 and the zeitgeist of science believing 19th century brought (with its preference for the means of experiments or at least old documents provable) the Federal letter from its slumber. In the course of spiritual defense before the Second World War, was built in Schwyz in a special Federal Charter Museum. The Federal Charter was then issued in a single showcase in a church-like space as a Holy Scripture. This and many other evidence suggests that it is likely to have acted in the spirit of Defence to a so-called civil religion. The Rütlischwur Rütliwiese on Lake Lucerne: We will show 1307 took place the Rütlischwur Until about 1890, however, was kept by an old tradition the Rütlischwur for the actual basic alliance of the old Confederates and dated it to 1307, as well as the traditional in a famous story apple shot of the hero Wilhelm Tell and tyrannicide on Gessler. The oldest source for Rütlischwur The Rütlischwur to have taken place on the Rütliwiese on the slope of Seelisberges on the left bank of Lake Lucerne. The oldest written source for this event is the White Paper on the country Sarnen writer Hans Schriber of Obwalden. This collected around 1470 records and tell the origin of the Old Confederacy. The White Paper on Sarnen it is stated: ... And so were her three together, the Stoupacher to Schwyz, and one of the princes of Uri and the sworn from Melche of Unterwalden, and complained every one of the others distress and sorrow, ... And when the three mutually had, when they had sought and found a nid dem Wald, ... and swore each other good and truth, and to risk their lives and their property and to defend themselves against the men. And if they wanted to do something and make, so they went for the Mythenstein out at night to an end, ie in Riitli ... (Hans Schriber, White Paper on Sarnen, 1470, quoted in Chronicle of Switzerland, P.145 ) Interestingly, up here probably for the first time the term good truth or good faith on that - again, in connection with the spiritual national defense - a central role in the peace treaty in the Swiss metal industry played in 1937 (reasons of social partnership). The names of the three confederates from Riitli The names of the three Confederates, who are involved in the Rütlischwur, you mean since Friedrich von Schillers play Wilhelm Tell to know exactly: Werner Stauffacher of Schwyz, Walter Fürst from the canton of Uri and Arnold of MELCHTAL - and this, although the oldest source of Riitli saga does not mention the name! The Riitli, has long been a popular school trip destination is, since the 700 - opened with the Trail of Switzerland Switzerland anniversary of the 1991 - year. The National Day celebration on August 1, was until 1891 as the official national holiday. The dispute dates: 1291 or 1307? It was not until around 1890 came up in Bern with the idea to celebrate the 700th anniversary of the city of Bern and the 600th anniversary of the Federal Charter together, broke a big debate over the true origin of the Old Confederation between the central Swiss original cantons and the urban industrial centers. Enforced in the consciousness of the general population has (thanks to tireless work of appropriately trained teachers) ultimately the variant that matches well the least with the historical truth: providing federal letter Rütlischwur and the deeds of William Tell were in an immediate and direct connection and for the date of August 1, 1291 established. However, if on the old tradition actually still should be more to it than imaginative embellishments, would have to if already also to the traditional date of 1307 will be more correct than the unity dating on from 1291. The pooling arises, in my view the need of the patriots of the 19th century by a grippy, clear origin story for a state in the midst of nation-states (the great political fashion in Europe in the late 19th century!) No unity of language, culture, origin, etc. had to show., to justify its existence. So you went after prolonged clashes with the times for the surface scientism and gave the year 1291 to the written document to its 600th anniversary priority, not without words - completely unscientific - Federal Charter and Rütlischwur together with the Tell legend to a in self-contained complex interweaving. The Swiss national hero William Tell Tell monument in Altdorf UR in the unofficial colors of 1983, however, erected yet in 1895 the people of Uri in their capital, Altdorf the Telldenkmal and immortalized it defiantly in its opinion, right year 1307. Whether and when the legendary Swiss freedom fighter William Tell lived and how the history with the bailiff Gessler is actually expired, seems to me not so important from todays perspective. His picture is to be found in any case to be on the back of each 5 - Franks - piece and is used with a penchant for political propaganda and all sorts of caricatures, his alleged residence is shown in Bürglen UR and the Tell monument stands immovably in the capital of Uri Altdorf. Perhaps, after all, worth the reading of the drama William Tell, the German poet Friedrich von Schiller (first performed in 1804 in the Weimar court theater, today among other things, annually listed in Interlaken), a look at the origins and history of influence, or at least a virtual visit to the Tell Museum Bourguillon.
Posted on: Thu, 31 Jul 2014 11:36:36 +0000
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