NEW TOWN A free-standing, self-contained and socially balanced urban center, primarily planned to receive overspill population and employment from nearby conurbations. The phrase owes its genesis to Britain’s post second world war solution to excessive metropolitan area growth, itself a natural successor of Howard’s Garden City Concept. Abercrombie’s influential 1944 Greater London Plan advocated ten New Town reception areas for London overspill beyond a green belt, and the New Towns Act two years later established the necessary administrative and financial structures, including their management by non-elected development corporations. In total 14 New towns were designated in the UK in a frenzy of activity from 1947 to 1950, and further 17 since. British New Towns have also undergone detailed changes over time. Their planned eventual size has risen from the 25000-80000range for the first post war tranche to upwards of a quarter of a million for their successors such as Milton Keynes and Central Lancashire, designed in 1967-68. These new towns later on emphasized centralized facilities and efficient transport networks from suburb to town centers and generally favoured higher density development. In the 1980’s many early development corporations ceased and their settlements adopted conventional local governmental structures. Government policy, by now opposed to further state-sponsored New Towns, turned to encouraging “New Town” initiatives by private consortia in South-East England. The concept has been widely admired and copied worldwide Even in India the emergence of New Towns are proof of rapid urbanization and the state is trying to distribute the excessive urban population through creating these New Town. Example: Rajarhat New Town. These new towns will be characterized by efficient transportation network, development of service sectors, and existence of all types of facilities which will help the inhabitants to meet up their daily need. The land-use pattern will be a planned one and there will be further scope for urban growth and urban spread.
Posted on: Sun, 26 Oct 2014 14:44:36 +0000
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