On September 2nd in history: In 1666 the Great Fire of London broke out – it burned for 3 days destroying over 10,000 buildings including St Pauls Cathedral. In 1752 Britain finally adopted the Gregorian calendar (Old Style). In 1839 Henry George, American political reformer and economist, was born. In 1864 in the American Civil War the Union Army under General Sherman captured Atlanta, Georgia. In 1867 the Lausanne Congress of the International Working Mens Association (First International) began. In 1870 after defeat in the Battle of Sedan during the Franco-Prussian War French emperor Napoleon III was taken prisoner with his whole army. In 1872 the fifth congress of the First International was held in the Hague – here the split between the Marxists and the Anarchists took place. In 1872 1,200 workers went on strike at the Philippines’ Cavite shipyards and arsenal over pay cuts, the first strike in the country’s history. In 1885 in Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners trying to unionise attacked Chines co-workers killing 15, wounding 28 and forcing hundreds to flee (“Rock Springs Massacre”). In 1907 the first Labour Day celebration in Saskatchewan, Canada, was held in the capital city Regina. In 1912 Governor Glasscock of West Virginia imposed martial law and sent 1,200 militia to disarm both miners and mine guards during the Paint Creek miners strike. In 1921 the Battle of Blair Mountain, Colorado, ended after US federal government bombed 15,000 striking coal miners by plane. In 1928 Horace Silver, African American musician and composer, was born. In 1934 Peter von Oertzen, German reformist politician and theoretician, was born. In 1939 after the start of the invasion of Poland the previous day Germany annexed the Free City of Danzig (today Gdansk, Poland). In 1939 Britain and France presented Germany with an ultimatum demanding withdrawal from Poland. In 1945 Vietnam declared independence as the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. In 1946 the Sozialistischer Deutscher Stundetenbund (Socialist German Student League – SDS) was founded. In 1949 Carol Reeds film “The Third Man” had its première. In 1956 the National Guard was sent to Clinton, Tennessee, after violence preventing school desegregation – 12 African American students entered school under protection. In 1957 the Governor of Arkansas mobilised the National Guard in Little Rock to prevent 9 African American schoolchildren attending local segregated schools. In 1963 Alabama governor George Wallace mobilised state police to prevent desegregation of of Tuskegee High School in Huntsville, Alabama. In 1966 Salma Hayek, Mexican actress, was born. In 1966 on the first day of school – integrated with 450 African-American students – Grenada, Mississippi, school board postponed opening school for 10 days. In 1969 Ho Chi Minh, Vietnamese freedom fighter, died. In 1973 J.R.R. Tolkien, South-African-born English philologist and author, died. In 1974 the US Employee Retirement Income Security Act was enacted – if set minimum standards for most private-sector pension and health plans. In 2013 Frederik Pohl, American science fiction writer, died.
Posted on: Tue, 02 Sep 2014 08:20:28 +0000
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