Please be kind to others....cause you never know what someone is going thru or what pain someone may be dealing with in their everyday life. Sometimes what we see isnt really whats going on. people hide emotions, fear and sadness.....so please be kind to those you see...whether friend. family or strangers. I have epilepsy and im not posting this for myself but i know what its like to deal daily stress. worry and even pain at times.... it causes depression, suicide, pain and more.....but thankfully i have loving family and friends and a boyfriend who truly care about me..some people dont have that support or friendship. Just treat others as you would like to be treated...please. Heres some information on epilepsy.........just to inform those who dont know. have a good day dear friends! Mortality People with epilepsy are at an increased risk of death.[112] This increase is between 1.6 and 4.1 fold greater than that of the general population[113] and is often related to: the underlying cause of the seizures, status epilepticus, suicide, trauma, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).[112] Death from status epilepticus is primarily due to an underlying problem rather than missing doses of medications.[112] The risk of suicide is increased between two and six times in those with epilepsy.[114][115] The cause of this is unclear.[114] SUDEP appears to be partly related to the frequency of generalized tonic-clonic seizures[116] and accounts for about 15% of epilepsy related deaths.[111] It is unclear how to decrease its risk.[116] The greatest increase in mortality from epilepsy is among the elderly.[113] Those with epilepsy due to an unknown cause have little increased risk.[113] In the United Kingdom it is estimated that 40–60% of deaths are possibly preventable.[17] In the developing world many deaths are due to untreated epilepsy leading to falls or status epilepticus.[12] Seizures[edit] The most common type (60%) of seizures are convulsive.[17] Of these, two-thirds begin as focal seizures (which may then become generalized) while one-third begin as generalized seizures.[17] The remaining 40% of seizures are non-convulsive. An example of this type is the absence seizure, which presents as a decreased level of consciousness and usually lasts about 10 seconds.[18][19] Focal seizures are often preceded by certain experiences, known as an aura.[20] These may include sensory (visual, hearing or smell), psychic, autonomic, or motor phenomena.[18] Jerking activity may start in a specific muscle group and spread to surrounding muscle groups in which case it is known as a Jacksonian march.[21] Automatisms may occur; these are non-consciously generated activities and mostly simple repetitive movements like smacking of the lips or more complex activities such as attempts to pick something up.[21] There are six main types of generalized seizures: tonic-clonic, tonic, clonic, myoclonic, absence, and atonic seizures.[22] They all involve loss of consciousness and typically happen without warning. Tonic-clonic seizures present with a contraction of the limbs followed by their extension along with arching of the back which lasts 10–30 seconds (the tonic phase). A cry may be heard due to contraction of the chest muscles. This is then followed by a shaking of the limbs in unison (clonic phase). Tonic seizures produce constant contractions of the muscles. A person often turns blue as breathing is stopped. In clonic seizures there is shaking of the limbs in unison. After the shaking has stopped it may take 10–30 minutes for the person to return to normal; this period is called the postictal state or postictal phase. Loss of bowel or bladder control may occur during a seizure.[4] The tongue may be bitten at either the tip or on the sides during a seizure.[23] In tonic-clonic seizure, bites to the sides are more common.[23] Tongue bites are also relatively common in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.[23] Myoclonic seizures involve spasms of muscles in either a few areas or all over.[24] Absence seizures can be subtle with only a slight turn of the head or eye blinking.[18] The person does not fall over and returns to normal right after it ends.[18] Atonic seizures involve the loss of muscle activity for greater than one second.[21] This typically occurs on both sides of the body.[21] About 6% of those with epilepsy have seizures that are often triggered by specific events and are known as reflex seizures.[25] Those with reflex epilepsy have seizures that are only triggered by specific stimuli.[26] Common triggers include flashing lights and sudden noises.[25] In certain types of epilepsy, seizures happen more often during sleep,[27] and in other types they occur almost only when sleeping.[28] Stigma[edit] Stigma is commonly experienced, around the world, by those with epilepsy.[126] It can affect people economically, socially and culturally.[126] In India and China epilepsy may be used as justification to deny marriage.[4] People in some areas still believe those with epilepsy to be cursed.[12] In Tanzania, as in other parts of Africa, epilepsy is associated with possession by evil spirits, witchcraft, or poisoning and is believed by many to be contagious,[123] for which there is no evidence.[12] Before 1970 the United Kingdom had laws which prevented people with epilepsy from marrying.[4] The stigma may result in some people with epilepsy denying that they have ever had seizures.[38 Postictal[edit] After the active portion of a seizure, there is typically a period of confusion referred to as the postictal period before a normal level of consciousness returns.[20] This usually lasts 3 to 15 minutes[29] but may last for hours.[30] Other common symptoms include feeling tired, headache, difficulty speaking, and abnormal behavior.[30] Psychosis after a seizure is relatively common, occurring in 6–10% of people.[31] Often people do not remember what happened during this time.[30] Localized weakness, known as Todds paralysis, may also occur after a focal seizure. When it occurs it typically lasts for seconds to minutes but may rarely last for a day or two.[32] Psychosocial[edit] Epilepsy can have adverse effects on social and psychological well-being.[17] These effects may include social isolation, stigmatization, or disability.[17] They may result in lower educational achievement and worse employment outcomes.[17] Learning difficulties are common in those with the condition, and especially among children with epilepsy.[17] The stigma of epilepsy can also affect the families of those with the disease.[4] Certain disorders occur more often in people with epilepsy, depending partly on the epilepsy syndrome present. These include depression, anxiety disorders, and migraines.[33] Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder affects three to five times more children with epilepsy than children in the general population.[34] ADHD and epilepsy have significant consequences on a childs behavioral, learning, and social development.[35] Epilepsy is also more common in those with autism.[36]
Posted on: Mon, 19 Jan 2015 18:15:56 +0000
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