SSU (UK) has announced this for Federal Government and the same being served to Federal via Malaysia Consulate but NO ANSWER ( it was handed over 2 years ago). Should SSU(UK) IS WRONG, then Malaya should have the answer. ============ Malaya has been independent since 31 August 1957 and, although sovereignty over Singapore lay with Britain until its transfer to Malaysia, the island enjoyed internal self government from June 1959. Of the participating countries, only North Borneo and Sarawak were crown colonies, and, in a manner of speaking, only North Borneo and Sarawak were being decolonised. Indeed, as the final touches were put to Malaysia, the British presented it to the United Nations, not as a new state, but as an extension of an existing member-state, that is to say an extension of the independent Federation of Malaya to which Sabah (North Borneo), Sarawak and Singapore merely acceded.In short, the creation of Malaysia appears to have been an undramatic piece of house-keeping, an operation to tidy up the remnants of empire. But the documents expose another, rougher side to the story: one in which policy making snagged on the contradictions of multiple objectives; one in which Britain was buffeted by the conflicting demands of local politicians and interventions from outside; one in which events frequently brought planning to a standstill and deadlock fostered despondency; one in which resistance was met by guile or coercion, and the prospect of failure provoked desperate measures; one in which not all of Britains objectives were fulfilled while some of its fears were realised. Indeed, the Malaysia that was inaugurated on 16 September 1963 failed wholly to satisfy any of the parties to it It was neither forged through nationalist struggle, nor did it reflect a homogeneous national identity. Rather it was the product of grudging compromise and underpinned by only fragile guarantees. A number of important amendments made in the Malaysian Constitution have almost entirely eroded the special standing of the two Borneo states within the Federation as it was originally negotiated ; I ) Under the Constitution (Amendment) Act of 1971 Article 161A, giving the “natives” of Sabah and Sarawak the same privileges within their own states as those enjoyed by the “Malays” in Peninsular Malaysia under Article 153, was repealed. Henceforth, the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak could properly be referred to as “Malays.” The inevitable consequence of this was to deprive them of what had been their exclusive enjoyment of quotas relating to the public service, permits and licenses and other privileges conferred under Article 161A. II) Under the Constitution (Amendment) Act of 1976, Article 1 (2) was altered with the effect that the separate listing of the two Borneo states as members of the Federation was eliminated. This reflects the Federal government’s long-term policy that Sabah and Sarawak were to have the same status within the Federation as the constituent states of the original Malayan Federation of 1957. This is the most politically symbolic of all the amendments to the Constitution relating to Sabah and Sarawak. It did not provide for the separate independence of the three territories but transferred sovereignty to the new Federation of Malaysia. Since it involved amendments to the constitution of the Federation of Malaya, legislation to set up the Federation of Malaysia was enacted by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and the Malaya parliament.
Posted on: Sun, 28 Dec 2014 20:23:46 +0000
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