STEM CELL ESSAY Describe what stem cells are, and give THREE sources from which human stem cells may be harvested. Also explain THREE arguments, with reasons, for the use of stem cells and THREE arguments, with reasons, against the use of stem cells in humans. Facts (17) Synthesis (3) Stem cells are (actively) dividing cells that are not yet differentiated/ not yet mature could give rise to different types of cells. Sources of stem cells are: Embryo Blood in umbilical cord/cord blood Placenta Bone marrow (Mark first THREE only) • Arguments for use of stem cells Provide replacements for tissuesS /organs damaged by ageR/trauma/disease/improve quality of life Used for researchS to see whether it can cure different diseasesR e.g. cancer/more reliable results when human stem cells are used Stem cells from e.g. the blood from the umbilical cord can be storedS when needed in future because it would not be rejectedR by the body’s immune system any 3 x 2 (Mark first THREE only) • Arguments against use of stem cells ExpensiveS research money could be used for other needsR Only rich peopleS /expensive can afford to storeR stem cells for later use Interfere with religion S/culture/creation because it is immoralR /unethical/we cannot play God MoralS /ethical objection because we are destroying a human lifeR The dangersS of using stem cells are unknown and may be a riskR Can lead to illegal tradeSin embryos /the placentas of new-born babies/ to make moneyR Embryos conceived and then abortedS /abandoned/ to useR the stem cells from the placenta any 3 x 2 (Mark first THREE only) (2) (3) (6) (6) (17) Marks Description 3 Explains 3valid arguments for and 3 against the use of stem cells 2 Explains 1 valid argument for and 1 argument against the use of stem cells OR Explains 3 valid arguments for and 1 against the use of stem cells OR Explains 1valid argument for and 3 against the use of stem cells 1 Describe at least 1 statement for and 1 statement against the use of stem cells OR explains 1 valid argument for OR 1argument against the use of stem cells 0 Has not attempted/has not written anything other than question number/no correct information
Posted on: Wed, 24 Sep 2014 13:56:16 +0000
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