Search for sources of water and its problems . Surface water . Groundwater . Search for a wonderful water sources Part I Water sources. A surface water . B - groundwater . Water sources The water is the most important natural resources , is the backbone of life and the most important Elements. Where God said ((And We made from water every living thing ) ) And despite the fact that water covers 70% of the globe and Fixed and limited quantity does not increase or decrease the water that man can make use of them does not exceed 0.01% of the total water available It reaches the amount of water in the hemisphere to 1360 million km 3 in the oceans and seas , and 37 million km 3 of water frozen at the poles 0.8 million km 3 of underground water in places inaccessible 0.0126000 km 3 lakes, rivers and other images that can be for a person to benefit from them. Water resources can be classified into renewable resources like water , rivers, rain , and water resources , such as water -depleted underground in geological formations that are not fed by rain and rivers , and water resources which is underway in vain if that did not benefit them as water rights rain ending in the sea . The prospects for its future water problem . Surface water . As is well known we have no rivers or running water in the Kingdom , so the surface water we have is water plains , floods and urges the floods due to rain and conducts its waters in the valleys and coral and seep part into the ground thus fueling aquifers and evaporates another part And lose them in the air and a large part of which is heading to the sea or to the desert . The occurrence and frequency of flood waters and the size depends on several factors, including , for example : Rainfall intensity slope of the valley soil quality heat .. and so on. There is a need to see these actors in the incidence of floods to the extensive studies of each valley on Haddah , and to calculate the probabilities and expectations. The valleys in the Tihama plain flights to the Red Sea coast about 90 Valley , including 36 Wadia importance in the Kingdom of Seoul if these valleys equal to 62% of all water Seoul Kingdom and an annual 1265 million cubic meters . The water resulting from floods large amounts To be reckoned with , for example, the average Seoul Tehama North during the past ten years, about 310 million cubic meters annually Most of them go to the sea, nor utilized only amounted to 62 million cubic meters to irrigate agricultural land , equivalent to 20% of the flood waters . Dams and embankments built on the floodplain in selected locations to take advantage of the flood waters to irrigate agricultural land or to increase the inventory of underground or to ward off the danger for life and property. The dam was created in 189 different regions of the Kingdom and we will come to explain dams in another subject of this research . Groundwater: Is the water found in aquifers of the globe and the source of this water from rainfall , rivers and valleys , Vhbh Arabian Peninsula was wetter than it is now . , Where studies have shown , that in the Kingdom of large quantities of groundwater . Given that this water is renewed should not excessive as long as they have stockpiled water in the ground , and then appeared in the form of the eyes or wells or Giul we consider Geography of Saudi Arabia . Geography third grade average . Groundwater . It is this absolute , and in line with the geology of the Kingdom , we Nksmha into two major : A basement area of the vehicle. B rocks area Status of groundwater in the area of the basement rocks vehicle : We know from the previous map areas of the basement , and to clarify Map previous book of his career and water development Recall some of the sites that fall upon such as : Mecca and Jeddah , Taif and Medina area south and west of Hail Duwadimi and violent region of Asir and Gamd and Najran and Bisha and so on .. Dependent water in this region mainly on rainfall intensity and the frequency and the resulting floods Menhala , are stored in water sediments and valleys beneath loose rocks and cracked . There is on pace depending on where its located : 1 . Ocean waters : Form water oceans and seas about 74 % of the surface area of the earth and constitute 97.6 % of the total ground water . This water salinity rate of 35% or 35 g / liter . Oceans play an important role by being environmentally nautical system contains a lot of organisms , and its role in controlling the Earths climate , and the amount of water evaporated from the surface. Although the waters of the seas and oceans is not suitable for drinking and human activities agricultural and industrial , but the near future will force a lot of people on this water desalination because of the scarcity of fresh water in different areas . 2 . Glaciers : Paljladiat mean frozen water in polar and high mountain peaks . Most of these glaciers in Antarctica where constitute about 85% of all the frigid water . 3 . Groundwater: Water stored in the ground or in the pores of the rock crevices between them. Groundwater containing the second largest amount of fresh water after the glaciers . Total called aquifers underground Aloquaver . Part of this water is called fossil water which is water that can not be exploited and are not renewed. Alokoever taking place within the groundwater . Alokoever taking place in the free water on the surface of the massive rocks , from high places to low places such as the flow of water on the Earths surface. In Alokoever trapped water is compressed like the water in the tube . Therefore conducts water here in all directions , according to the pressure and even toward the top. Naturally as possible to leave their place of groundwater in several ways . When you reach the water to the outer surface consists of water fountain and graduated through him . Another way is to move the groundwater to the sea , where the water meets the sea. As the underground fresh water is lighter than sea water , fresh water floating on the surface of the salt water . The meeting point of fresh water with salt water , called the wedge of water . The location of this wedge is determined by the level of surface water and groundwater. Whenever the surface of groundwater have higher weight of the largest , may give the water to the bottom of the wedge towards the sea , and vice versa . It is worth noting that there is no complete separation between the two types of water , but there are mixed layer including losing whereby part of the fresh water. Groundwater is very high quality , working the soil and rock layer pungent Akaflatr that purify water pervasive . Low quality of ground water is thawed by different materials out . The basic problem of contaminated without human intervention and which are naturally is increasing salinity . Rainwater containing a low concentration of salts , but when they arrive to the soil to evaporate water and salts remain in the soil . When it rains again these salts melt and increase the concentration of salts in the soil , where the deposition of these salts and eventually reach the groundwater . Therefore, the concentration of salts in the groundwater higher than in rainwater . Salts is possible that the increase stems from the arrival of sea water as a result of excessive pumping . Another reason for the increase of salt is soluble salts in the rock , which eventually reach the groundwater . 4 . The upper water : It is located above the water surface of the earth , including rivers , streams, lakes , swamps and ponds. The source of this water is mostly rainwater , snow and sometimes from groundwater. This collects the water when the top layer of soil saturated with water and unable to absorb the amount of the other.
Posted on: Sat, 15 Mar 2014 20:17:37 +0000
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