Somalia Federal Republic of Somalia[1] Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya (so) جمهورية الصومال الفدرالية (ar) Jumhūriyyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fiderāliyya Flag Coat of arms Anthem: Qolobaa Calankeed Capital and largest city Mogadishu 2°2′N 45°21′E Official languages Somali Arabic[2] Ethnic groups Somalis (85%) Benadiris Bantus and other non-Somalis (15%)[3] Demonym Somali[3] Somalian[4] Government Federal parliamentary republic - President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud - Prime Minister Abdi Farah Shirdon Legislature Federal Parliament Formation - Somali city-states c. 200 BCE - Sultanate of Mogadishu 10th century - Warsangali Sultanate 13th century - Ajuuraan Empire 14th century - Majeerteen Sultanate 18th century - British Somaliland 1884 - Italian Somaliland 1889 - Union, Independence and Constitution 1 July 1960[3] - Second Constitution 25 August 1979[3] - Current Constitution 1 August 2012 Area - Total 637,657 km2 (44th) 246,200 sq mi Population - 2012 estimate 10,085,638[3] (86th) - Density 16.12[5]/km2 (199th) 41.73/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2010 estimate - Total $5.896 billion[3] (163rd) - Per capita $600[3] (224th) Currency Somali shilling (SOS) Time zone EAT (UTC+3) - Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+3) Drives on the right Calling code +252 ISO 3166 code SO Internet TLD .so Somalia (Somali: Soomaaliya; Arabic: الصومال aṣ-Ṣūmāl /sɵˈmɑːliə/ so-mah-lee-ə), officially the Federal Republic of Somalia[1] (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya, Arabic: جمهورية الصومال الفدرالية Jumhūriyyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fiderāliyya), is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on the mainland,[6] and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands.[3] Hot conditions prevail year-round, along with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall.[7] Somalia has a population of around 10 million. About 85% of local residents are ethnic Somalis,[3] who have historically inhabited the northern part of the country. Ethnic minority groups make up the remainder of the nations population, and are largely concentrated in the southern regions.[8] Somali and Arabic are the official languages of Somalia, both of which belong to the Afro-Asiatic family.[3] Most people in the territory are Muslims,[9] the majority being Sunni.[10]
Posted on: Tue, 05 Nov 2013 21:13:10 +0000
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