Stands behind its walls ample evidence to pronounce uniqueness, it is the Citadel of Saladin, which includes a mosque and a well alabaster palace harem and Joseph, and the lines on this issue of Arab history. Built by Saladin, the founder of the Ayyubid, which ruled Egypt, Palestine, Syria, to be a ligament that connects the major cities of the Egyptian capital Cairo and Fustat which Ahathma fence one are like beating heart, but just did not give him to see his defense for Egypt against any attack crusade has been completed by Karakus, first resided is the nephew full, witnessed the historic events of bloody, which crowned the Sultans and the slaughter of others, and which was launched armies to liberate the Levant of the Crusaders and the opening of Cyprus and others, have seen the fall of the Mamluks and the control of the Ottoman Empire to Egypt, and the establishment of the state of Muhammad Ali, this is the Citadel of Saladin in Cairo did not reveal its secrets to the day, even though it contains a treasure trove of artifacts and has no parallel in any castle in the world. The castle is located on a hill of rock from the cliffs, supervised the construction of Bahauddin Karakus, who ordered the dismissal of this knoll on the cliffs to be separately isolated vulnerable, divided the castle into two main sections, the northern garrison military, surrounded by walls in both directions north and east, have been built in the reign of Saladin and the reign of his brother, King fair, which includes round and square towers, the first built in the reign of Salah al-Din and the second was built by the fair, and the south-western section of the castle has been allocated to the presidential palace and the residence of the governor. We might wonder now, whats left of this historic castle? Of scenes that do not impact the southern section has only a well Yousef, so wonderful engineering work, while the palace and other accessories do not exist, and finally revealed for the hall Ashrafieh and Ewan throne of this section. The northern section, there are still some towers and fences surrounding the castle, and these towers tower Mokattam, a huge tower and rounded up the rest of the castle towers, was known as the Tower of the few, and it was sitting to the castle, and the few high place from which to monitor all sections of the castle, this The secret is to take the seat of the governor of the castle, and next to him, a trait tower with a square building consists of two floors, as it is known for Boaqbith slots and throw darts. This represents a unique model in the tower building towers of war, and is at home pomp and magnitude. Relay towers along the walls of the castle, but the airport tower is more towers exciting, as he used the tower to receive and send carrier pigeons blaming mailed to all parts of Egypt and the Levant and return by the next, is a tower of Ramle and mourning the largest castle towers and constitute the forefront, and each is monitored any moves toward castle and handling. Gates of the Citadel of Saladin: Visiting the castle today enters through the door, the first on Salah Salem, and knows the door of the mountain, and was built with the increase added by the al-Nasir Muhammad of the castle in the Mamluk era Navy, The second section go up to him from the field of the castle, and knows the door new, which hides him and between the walls of the castle door of the original fortress, which was launched by the door the runway, and that the multiplicity of the stairs leading up to it, and dug into the rock, and can be reached for the door through the trail digging into the rock leads to the door of the West, this path occurred by the massacre of the Mamluks in 1811, when soldiers surrounded Wali Mohammed Ali Pasha Mamluk princes and their followers after they came out of an interview of Muhammad Ali Pasha and exterminated them for the last of them. Ranges of the Citadel of Saladin: Divides the castle to the bands, the largest-scale north, a military section, dedicated this place to set up a personnel training and to prepare them to catch up with the army, was found in this section during the excavations carried out in the eighties of the twentieth century, the remnants of barracks, while the coolest lingering effects it is Suleymaniye Mosque, It is the first Ottoman mosque in Egypt, through its design with a central dome and half-domes around. The foundations of this mosque Suleiman Pasha server and to Egypt in the year 1528 during the reign of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. Palaces harem: The second impact in this range is the harem palaces, and consists of three palaces built separately from each other, but they are united on the ground floor, the oldest palace East or Wastani, then Eastern Palace, then the palace west, I knew these shortcomings accidentally failure harem, where it is earmarked for a lot of purposes, including housing for orphans of the family of Muhammad Ali Pasha and Mamluk princes, today includes these shortcomings military Museum of Egypt, which tells the story of the Egyptian military from the Pharaonic era to the present day in the presentation Interesting, forget Zaúrha history and architecture wonderful that reflect the style of architecture of the Ottoman , which influenced architecture and European Baroque style. Next to the palace harem palaces there are red, which was built originally to house the college or school to teach engineering, and then turning out to be the seat of the War College until he was transferred to the desert of the Abbasid. The Ministry of Culture has revived this range through the establishment of Mgy held its annual Arts Festival, which is added to the castle degree of bio-persistent. The second range of the castle, it is the band of the Royal, which saw the height of its prosperity in the Mamluk era Marine. Highlights what has been discovered in this range during the past years iwan of Nazareth, which was the seat of the throne of the governors of the Mamluk era, was built by Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad year 1334 AD, was topped by a dome of a large green mediates the main hall, which was provided by Baúkh than five decades, overlooking on the main square of the castle. Faces iwan of Nazareth mosque of the castle, which dates back refurbished to the era of al-Nasir Muhammad, the mosque is one of the more mosques solemnity and beautiful and built almost square columns built of stones with red and white alternately, mediates the mosque courtyard surrounded by four corridors, the mosque three entrances and minarets them decorations tiles tiles on the format used in the groves of Central Asia. Also includes a range Wastani Mosque of Mohammed Ali, the impact of the most famous and the toast of the eyes of visitors, called the mosque alabaster, because Xute this marble precious pale color, the bottom of this mosque palace Ablaq who was housing the Mamluk sultans, he designed this mosque, the architect of Bosnia called Joseph Bouchnak, work began on its construction in 1830 and adopted the design of the mosque as a ceiling on the central dome of the mosque, rises to a height of 52 meters, Walid al-Moualem four half-domes are covered with all of the outside foil of lead metal, and decorated the interior of the Baroque and Rococo motifs. The Yard Annex chapel consists of three aisles with columns and contracts, mediating yard Midhat topped wooden dome, and in the mid-western side of the courtyard there is time donated by the French emperor Muhammad Ali Pasha against the Pharaonic obelisk that adorn the Place de la Concorde in Paris. Well Joseph: The neatest one that stands in front of him surprised fascinated by the miracle of engineering that is the castle, which is not well Yousef, one of the remaining vestiges of the Ayyubid period, which is in surprisingly well-engineered, rare in his building, with a depth of 90 meters, including 85 meters drilled in the rock, consists of the well of the two sections are not on the integrity of one but they are entitled to equal depth almost, in order that called this effect two wells in the writings of some historians, the area of a section of the well bottom 2.3 square meters, while the cross-sectional area of the well top five square meters, and that the need to secure passage to the well bottom, allowing the landing of the bulls needed to manage the waterwheel installed on the well bottom, so as to bring water from the deep to the level of the well overhead, and the another pair of oxen management legs again installed on the well top to lift water from the level of Sakia first to the surface of the earth. Perhaps the most striking evidence in the design and implementation of the top of the well, is the paper stone wall separating the well aerated corridor bulls down the slope, which was thick in some places twenty centimeters. And public attribute this well to the Prophet peace be upon him, but the historical evidence confirms that the well drilled in the era of Nasser Salah al-Din and his full name Salah al-Din Yusuf Ayoubi, and over time he forgot the name of Salahuddin, remained the name of Joseph, which paved the way for drawing mythic stories of popular imagination around the well. Monsters Basha: The third range of the castle is defined with archaeologists as the monsters Basha, and Ive added this range to the castle during the reign of Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad to be used as a garden for birds and animals, and change its use for the purpose was for the scope of the Royal before, to be entrusted with all the functions and purposes of the band of the Royal in Circassian Mamluk era and the Ottomans. Built this scale seat in the reign of Sultan Bey, and caused by the residence hall, known as the Hall fountain, which was built in its booth to stay as the Palace jewel or the palace during the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha, as well as built-Sultan Ghouri seats in this range, still some parts remain today as Diwan Katakhda knows, and who became the first headquarters of the Council of Representatives of Egypt, in the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha, and until the reign of Ismail, the Council then moved to its present location, also found in this range remnants of Mint Egypt during the reign of the Ottomans. It is worth mentioning that this domain name Bhouc Basha, due to the fact that the headquarters of the pashas place in Egypt during the Ottoman era. Azab door: The scope fourth realizes currently door-Azab, and they range from the Ottoman soldiers lived in this domain in the era of the Ottomans, and has been renewed this range, known in the Mamluk era, on behalf of the stable door, or the door of the series, as the new door in the era of the Ottomans by Radwan Katakhda Algelova one of the leaders of a wide-Azab, and since then knew the door Azab, featuring this range mosque called the Mosque Azab, which has a minaret peak paint brushes, and the scope of the lone seat of the stables Bowl during the reign of the Ayyubid and Mamluk, as it was by the seat Soltani has seen many political events, featuring the band today the remnants of military factories built by Muhammad Ali Pasha, most notably the factory guns, also includes the range of Royal Avenue and rookie door sessions.
Posted on: Sat, 26 Jul 2014 02:36:33 +0000
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