THERE ARE FIVE RIGHTLY GUIDED KHALIFS IN ISLAM NOT FOUR. INTRODUCTION: There is a misconception amongst many Muslims that there are only four rightly guided caliphs in Islam, these are Hazrat Abu Bakar, Hazrat Umar, Hazrat Uthman, and Hazrat Ali (May Allah be pleased with them all). However this understanding is not correct because the fifth rightly guided caliph of Islam is also Hazrat Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) of whose caliphate tenure only lasted six months. This misconception exists due to a number of reasons, some people do not consider Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) as the rightly guided caliph, some deliberately exclude Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) because of hatred towards him, some avoid mentioning him due to the sensitivities surrounding certain conflicts. There are also some people who have misunderstood the Hadith of Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) and the western writers have also contributed to creating confusion by writing numerous books on Islamic history which have titles such as four orthodox caliphs or the four rightly guided caliphs and four caliphs of Islam. In this note you will find the translation of Remembrance Imam Hussain (May Allah be pleased with him) which is written by the great Mufti Ghulam Rasool (May Allah elevate his status in paradise). He has explained why this misunderstanding has occurred and also supports his stance with great amount of solid evidence. In this note you will find: i. Correct understanding of Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) hadith. ii. Opinions of major Scholars which include Hazrat Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) as the fifth rightly guided Caliph. iii. Opinions of major Scholars which include Hazrat Muawiah (May Allah be pleased with him) as the first king of Muslims. My comments will be placed in [*] for understanding purpose only so there is a distinction between Mufti Ghulam Rasools book Tazkare Imam Hussain (May Allah be pleased with him) the translation will begin from page no. 282. THERE ARE FIVE RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS NOT FOUR: [*The Hadith which has been misunderstood is given below:- It is narrated by Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) that: “I heard Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings be upon him and his family) say: Caliphate will be 30 years, then there will be Kingdom”. Then Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) used to say do the calculation because Hazrat Abu Bakar (May Allah be pleased with him) caliphate is two years, Hazrat Umar’s (May Allah be pleased with him) caliphate is ten years, Hazrat Uthman’s (May Allah be pleased with him) caliphate is twelve years and Hazrat Ali’s (May Allah be pleased with him) caliphate is six years”. (Mishkaat, volume 3, chapter “Kitab-Ul-Fithan”, Hadith no. 5160/17. Also in Ahmad, Tirmazi and Abu Daud)]. The calculation which Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) has done is estimation. Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) has told the period of caliphate like this that Hazrat Abu Bakar Sadeeqs (May Allah be pleased with him) period of caliphate is two years, Hazrat Umar Farooq’s (May Allah be pleased with him) period of caliphate is ten years, Hazrat Uthman’s (May Allah be pleased with him) period of caliphate is twelve years and Hazrat Ali’s period of caliphate is six years. The period of caliphate which Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) has calculated is estimation and a guess. Hazrat Safina (May Allah be pleased with him) did not calculate the fractions in arithmetic (Kasoor) meaning the months and days were not calculated but mentioned the years and calculated them. Or else in other Sahih narrations and reliable history the thirty years caliphate period is written like this: Hazrat Abu Bakar Sadeeq’s (May Allah be pleased with him) period of caliphate is two years and four months, Hazrat Umar’s (May Allah be pleased with him) period of caliphate is ten years and six months, Hazrat Uthman’s (May Allah be pleased with him) period of caliphate is one month less than twelve years, Hazrat Ali Murtaza’s (May Allah be pleased with him) period of caliphate is four years and nine months. In this way the complete period of all the four caliphs is twenty nine years and six months and six months are remaining this is the period of caliphate of Imam Hassan Mujtaba (May Allah be pleased with him). Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) was also from the rightly guided caliphs (sharae aqaaid nasfi, Urdu translation ref. Mazhaair Haqq). [*2.4 + 10.6 + 11.11 + 4.9 = 29.01. The days are excluded in My own calculation that is why the total is 29 years, there is space of six months left in end which is Hazrat Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) caliphate period. OTHER OPINIONS: 1. Hafiz Ibn Kathir (774 A.H) writes: Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) was from the rightly guided caliphs because Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said caliphate after me will be thirty years then there will be kingdom, and this caliphate of thirty years is completed when Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) caliphate is also included in it. (Al-Bidhaya Wal-Nihaya, volume 8, page no.125) 2. Ibn Tamiyya (728 A.H) writes: Hazrat Muawiah (May Allah be pleased with him) was a king. (Minhaj-Ul-Sunnah, page no. 185) 3. Nibraas has told the period of rightly guided caliphs and writes: Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) caliphate was six months and some days. (Nibraas, page no. 504, Haashiya 1) 4. Hazrat Muawiah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I am the first king amongst the Muslims. (Khilafato Malookiyat, page 148) From this it is clear Hazrat Muawiah (May Allah be pleased with him) did not believe Imam Hassan Mujtaba (May Allah be pleased with him) was a king but believed he was the rightly guided caliph. 5. Qaazi Abu Bakar Bin Alarabi (534 A.H) writes: The beginning of kingdom began from Hazrat Muawiah RTA (Alawaasim Min Alqawasim, page no.207) When from the Muslims the kingdom began from Hazrat Muawiah (May Allah be pleased with him) then its proved Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) was the rightly guided caliph. 6. Maulana Amjad Ali also writes that Imam Hassan (May Allah be pleased with him) was from the rightly guided caliphs: Belief: After Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings be upon him and his family) the rightly guided caliph and Imam is Hazrat Sayyedna Abu Bakar (May Allah be pleased with him), then Hazrat Umar Farooq (May Allah be pleased with him), then Hazrat Uthman (May Allah be pleased with him), then Hazrat Maula Ali (May Allah be pleased with him) then for six months it was Imam Hassan Mujtiba (May Allah be pleased with him). His caliphate is called as rightly guided caliphate because he fulfilled the right of Prophets (Peace and blessings be upon him and his family) deputyship. (Bahaare Shariat, part 1, page 72) HAZRAT MUAWIAH (MAY ALLAH BE PLEASED WITH HIM) WAS NOT A KHALIFA BUT A KING: 1. Hafiz Ibn Kathir writes in his Tafseer: “The first king in Islam was Muawiah Bin Abi Sufiyan (May Allah be pleased with him). (Tafseer Ibn Kathir, volume 2, page no.14) 2. Allama Taftazaani (782 A.H.) writes: “So Muawiah (May Allah be pleased with him) and the rulers after him were not caliphs but were kings and leaders”. (Shara Aqaaid) 3. Sayyed Shareef Jarjaani (816 A.H.) writes: “Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said after me caliphate will be thirty years and whoever is in between these thirty years are official rulers they are caliphs and whoever are after thirty years they are kings”. (Shara Muwaaqif, page 740) 5. Hafiz Ibn Abdalbar (463 A.H.) writes: “Hazrat Muawiah (May Allah be pleased with him) himself says that I am the first king”. (Ila-Sateeyaab, volume 3, page no. 280) 6. Its written in Tareekh Ul Khulafa: “Imam Hassan Bin Abi Talib (May Allah be pleased with him) is the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and according to the Hadith Shareef is the favourable last caliph”. (Tareekh Ul Khulafa, page 189) Allah know best. ((Abdulmujib Attijjeniy usman))
Posted on: Sun, 10 Aug 2014 17:09:58 +0000
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