The Discussion of the Individual Letters Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful says; الم ﴿١﴾ Alif Lam Mim. The individual letters in the beginning of some Surahs are among those things whose knowledge Allah has kept only for Himself. This was reported from Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali and Ibn Mas`ud. It was said that these letters are the names of some of the Surahs. It was also said that they are the beginnings that Allah chose to start the Surahs of the Quran with. Khasif stated that Mujahid said, The beginnings of the Surahs, such as Qaf, Sad, Ta Sin Mim and Alif Lam Ra, are just some letters of the alphabet. Some linguists also stated that; they are letters of the alphabet and that Allah simply did not cite the entire alphabet of twenty-eight letters. For instance, they said, one might say, My son recites Alif, Ba, Ta, Tha... he means the entire alphabet although he stops before mentioning the rest of it. This opinion was mentioned by Ibn Jarir. The Letters at the Beginning of Surahs If one removes the repetitive letters, then the number of letters mentioned at the beginning of the Surahs is fourteen: Alif, Lam, Mim, Sad, Ra, Kaf, Ha, Ya, Ayn, Ta, Sin, Ha, Qaf, Nun. So glorious is He Who made everything subtly reflect His wisdom. Moreover, the scholars said, There is no doubt that Allah did not reveal these letters for jest and play. Some ignorant people said that; some of the Quran does not mean anything, (meaning, such as these letters) thus committing a major mistake. On the contrary, these letters carry a specific meaning. Further, if we find an authentic narration leading to the Prophet that explains these letters, we will embrace the Prophets statement. Otherwise, we will stop where we were made to stop and will proclaim, آمَنَّا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ رَبِّنَا (We believe in it; all of it (clear and unclear verses) is from our Lord), (3:7). The scholars did not agree on one opinion or explanation regarding this subject. Therefore, whoever thinks that one scholars opinion is correct, he is obliged to follow it, otherwise it is better to refrain from making any judgment on this matter. Allah knows best. Previous 1 ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ 2:2 This is the Book, wherein there is no doubt, a guidance for the Muttaqin. Top Next 3 There is no Doubt in the Quran Allah says; ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ ... This is the Book, wherein there is no doubt, The Book, is the Quran, and Rayb means doubt. As-Suddi said that Abu Malik and Abu Salih narrated from Ibn Abbas, and Murrah Al-Hamadani narrated from Ibn Mas`ud and several other Companions of the Messenger of Allah that, لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ (In which there is no Rayb), means about which there is no doubt. Abu Ad-Darda, Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Malik, Nafi Ata, Abu Al-Aliyah, Ar-Rabi bin Anas, Muqatil bin Hayyan, As-Suddi, Qatadah and Isma`il bin Abi Khalid said similarly. In addition, Ibn Abi Hatim said, I do not know of any disagreement over this explanation. The meaning of this is that; the Book, the Quran, is without a doubt revealed from Allah. Similarly, Allah said in Surah As- Sajdah, تَنزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ مِن رَّبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ The revelation of the Book (this Quran) in which there is no doubt, is from the Lord of all that exists. (32:2) Some scholars stated that this Ayah - 2:2 - contains a prohibition meaning, Do not doubt the Quran. Furthermore, some of the reciters of the Quran pause upon reading, لاَ رَيْبَ (there is no doubt) and they then continue; فِيهِ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ (in which there is guidance for the Muttaqin (the pious and righteous persons)). However, it is better to pause at, لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ (in which there is no doubt) because in this case, هُدًى (guidance) becomes an attribute of the Quran and carries a better meaning than, فِيهِ هُدًى (in which there is guidance). Guidance is granted to Those Who have Taqwa Allah said, ... هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ ﴿٢﴾ guidance for the Muttaqin. that it means, They are the believers. Hidayah - correct guidance - is only granted to those who have Taqwa - fear of Allah. Allah said, قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ هُدًى وَشِفَآءٌ وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ فِى ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرٌ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمًى أُوْلَـئِكَ يُنَادَوْنَ مِن مَّكَانٍ بَعِيدٍ Say: It is for those who believe, a guide and a healing. And as for those who disbelieve, there is heaviness (deafness) in their ears, and it (the Quran) is blindness for them. They are those who are called from a place far away (so they neither listen nor understand). (41:44) and, وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنَ الْقُرْءَانِ مَا هُوَ شِفَآءٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلاَ يَزِيدُ الظَّـلِمِينَ إَلاَّ خَسَارًا And We send down of the Quran that which is a healing and a mercy to those who believe (in Islamic Monotheism and act on it), and it increases the Zalimin (wrongdoers) in nothing but loss. (17:82) This is a sample of the numerous Ayat indicating that the believers, in particular, benefit from the Quran. That is because the Quran is itself a form of guidance, but the guidance in it is only granted to the righteous, just as Allah said, يَأَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَآءَتْكُمْ مَّوْعِظَةٌ مَّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَشِفَآءٌ لِّمَا فِى الصُّدُورِ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ O mankind! There has come to you a good advice from your Lord (i. e. the Quran, enjoining all that is good and forbidding all that is evil), and a healing for that (disease of ignorance, doubt, hypocrisy and differences) which is in your breasts, ـ a guidance and a mercy (explaining lawful and unlawful things) for the believers. (10:57) Ibn Abbas and Ibn Mas`ud and other Companions of the Messenger of Allah said, هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ (guidance for the Muttaqin (the pious and righteous persons), means, a light for those who have Taqwa. The Meaning of Al-Muttaqin Ibn Abbas said about, هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ (guidance for the Muttaqin) that it means, They are the believers who avoid Shirk with Allah and who work in His obedience. Ibn Abbas also said that Al-Muttaqin means, Those who fear Allahs punishment, which would result if they abandoned the true guidance that they recognize and know. They also hope in Allahs mercy by believing in what He revealed. Further, Qatadah said that, لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ (Al-Muttaqin), are those whom Allah has described in His statement; الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلاةَ (Who believe in the Ghayb and perform the Salah) (2:3), and the following Ayat. Ibn Jarir stated that the Ayah (2:2) includes all of these meanings that the scholars have mentioned, and this is the correct view. Also, At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah narrated that Atiyah As-Sa`di said that the Messenger of Allah said, لَا يَبْلُغُ الْعَبْدُأَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ حَتَّى يَدَعَ مَالَا بَأْسَ بِهِ حَذَرًا مِمَّا بِهِ بَأْس The servant will not acquire the status of the Muttaqin until he abandons what is harmless out of fear of falling into that which is harmful. At-Tirmidhi then said Hasan Gharib. There are Two Types of Hidayah (Guidance) Huda here means; the faith that resides in the heart, and only Allah is able to create it in the heart of the servants. Allah said, إِنَّكَ لاَ تَهْدِى مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ Verily, you (O Muhammad) guide not whom you like. (28:56) لَّيْسَ عَلَيْكَ هُدَاهُمْ Not upon you (Muhammad) is their guidance. (2:272) مَن يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ Whomsoever Allah sends astray, none can guide him. (7:186) and, مَن يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ الْمُهْتَدِ وَمَن يُضْلِلْ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ وَلِيًّا مُّرْشِدًا He whom Allah guides, he is the rightly guided; but he whom He sends astray, for him you will find no Wali (guiding friend) to lead him (to the right path). (18:17) Huda also means to explain the truth, give direction and lead to it. Allah, the Exalted, said, وَإِنَّكَ لَتَهْدِى إِلَى صِرَطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ And verily, you (O Muhammad) are indeed guiding (mankind) to the straight path (i.e. Allahs religion of Islamic Monotheism). (42: 52) إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُنذِرٌ وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ You are only a warner, and to every people there is a guide. (13:7) and, وَأَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْنَـهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّواْ الْعَمَى عَلَى الْهُدَى And as for Thamud, We showed and made clear to them the path of truth (Islamic Monotheism) through Our Messenger (i.e. showed them the way of success), but they preferred blindness to guidance. (41:17) testifying to this meaning. Also, Allah said, وَهَدَيْنَـهُ النَّجْدَينِ And shown him the two ways (good and evil). (90:10) This is the view of the scholars who said that the two ways refer to the paths of righteousness and evil, which is also the correct explanation. And Allah knows best. Meaning of Taqwa The root meaning of Taqwa is to avoid what one dislikes. It was reported that; Umar bin Al-Khattab asked Ubayy bin Ka`b about Taqwa. Ubayy said, Have you ever walked on a path that has thorns on it? Umar said, Yes. Ubayy said, What did you do then? He said, I rolled up my sleeves and struggled. Ubayy said, That is Taqwa.
Posted on: Fri, 02 Jan 2015 04:14:44 +0000
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