The Letter A: Absolute zero: lowest possible temperature at which gas would have a zero volume. Absorption spectrum: spectrum of electromagnetic radiation absorbed by matter when radiation of all frequencies is passed through it. Acceleration: change in velocity divided by time interval over which it occurred. Accuracy: closeness of a measurement to the standard value of that quantity. Achromatic lens: lens for which all light colors have the same focal length. Action-reaction forces: pair of forces involved in an interaction that are equal in magnitude and opposition in direction. Activity: number of decays per second of a radioactive substance. Adhesion: force of attraction between two unlike materials. Air resistance: force of air on objects moving through it. Alpha decay: process in which a nucleus emits an alpha particle. Alpha particle: positively- charged particles consisting of two protons and two neutrons emitted by radioactive materials. Ammeter: device to measure electrical current. Amorphous solid: solids that have no long- range order; no crystal structure. Ampere: unit of electric current; one ampere is the flow of one coulomb of charge per second. Amplitude: in any periodic motion, the maximum displacement from equilibrium. Angle of incidence: angle between direction of motion of waves and a line perpendicular to surface the waves are striking. Angle of reflection: angle between direction of motion of waves and a line perpendicular to surface the waves are reflected from. Angle of refraction: angle between direction of motion of waves and a line perpendicular to surface the waves have been refracted from. Angular momentum: quantity of rotational motion. For a rotating object, product of moment of inertia and angular velocity. Annihilation: process in which a particle and its antiparticle are converted into energy. Antenna: device used to receive or transmit electromagnetic waves. Antineutrino: subatomic particle with no charge or mass emitted in beta decay. Antinode: point of maximum displacement of two superimposed waves. Archimedes’ principle: object immersed in a fluid has an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Artificial radioactivity: radioactive isotope not found in nature. atomic mass unit: unit of mass equal to 1/12 the atomic mass of carbon- 12 nucleus. Atomic number: number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. Average acceleration: acceleration measured over a finite time interval Average velocity: velocity measured over a finite time interval. ---------------
Posted on: Sat, 05 Oct 2013 13:41:22 +0000
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