The New International Version The New International Version (NIV) is an English translation of the Bible. Biblica (formerly the International Bible Society) is the worldwide publisher and copyright holder of the NIV, and licenses commercial rights to Zondervan (a subsidiary of News Corp) in the United States and to Hodder & Stoughton (a subsidiary of Lagardere Publishing) in the UK. The NIV has become one of the most popular modern translations in history.[3] Originally published in the 1970s, the NIV was updated in 1984 and 2011. 히스토리 - History The roots of the New International Version began in 1956 with the formation of a small committee to study the value of producing a faithful translation of the Scriptures in the common language of the American people.[4] The project was formally started after a meeting in 1965 at Trinity Christian College in Palos Heights, Illinois, of the Christian Reformed Church, National Association of Evangelicals, and a group of international scholars.[5] The initial Committee on Bible Translation consisted of E. Leslie Carlson, Edmund Clowney, Ralph Earle, Jr., Burton L. Goddard, R. Laird Harris, Earl S. Kalland, Kenneth Kantzer, Robert H. Mounce, Charles F. Pfeiffer, Charles Caldwell Ryrie, Francis R. Steele, John H. Stek, J. C. Wenger, and Marten Woudstra. The New York Bible Society (now Biblica) was selected to do the translation. The New Testament was released in 1973 and the full Bible in 1978. In 1979 it was decided to produce a version of the New Testament in Spanish with the title La Santa Biblia, Nueva Versión Internacional (often abbreviated NVI)[6] though at this point this version was based only on the former English translation of the historic manuscripts. The English version underwent a minor revision in 1984. In 1990 the committee on Bible translation headed by Drs. René Padilla and Luciano Jaramillo to conducted a translation from the historic manuscripts directly into Spanish of both testaments, bypassing English altogether and producing a complete Spanish NVI Bible in 1999. A planned 1997 English edition was discontinued over inclusive language.[7] A revised English edition titled Todays New International Version (TNIV) released a New Testament in March 2002, with the complete Bible published February 2005. In 2011, an updated version was released. The update incorporated some of the gender language of the TNIV, along with other changes. Translational issues with Pauls letters were also addressed.[8][9] Keith Danby, president and chief executive officer of Biblica, said they erred in presenting past updates, failed to convince people revisions were needed, and underestimated reader loyalty to the 1984 NIV.[7] Features[edit] The manuscript base for the Old Testament was the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia Masoretic Hebrew Text. Other ancient texts consulted were the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Aquila, Symmachus and Theodotion, the Latin Vulgate, the Syriac Peshitta, the Aramaic Targum, and for the Psalms the Juxta Hebraica of Jerome.[10] The manuscript base for the New Testament was the Koine Greek language editions of the United Bible Societies and of Nestle-Aland.[11] The deuterocanonical books are not included in the translation. Translation philosophy[edit] The core translation group consisted of fifteen Biblical scholars.[12] The translation took ten years and involved a team of up to one hundred scholars[13] from the USA, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. The range of those participating included many different denominations such as Anglicans, Assemblies of God, Baptist, Christian Reformed, Lutheran and Presbyterian.[14] The NIV is a balance between word-for-word and thought-for-thought or literal and phrase by phrase translations.[10][15][16] Recent archaeological and linguistic discoveries helped in understanding passages that have traditionally been difficult to translate. Familiar spellings of traditional translations were generally retained.[17] Circulation[edit] According to the Christian Business Association, the New International Version has become the most popular selling English translation of the Bible, having sold more than 450 million copies worldwide.[18] (However, other surveys have shown the King James version to be more widely read.[19]) There are numerous study Bibles available with extensive notes on the text and background information to make the Biblical stories more comprehensible. Among these are the NIV Spirit of the Reformation Study Bible, Concordia Study Bible, the Zondervan published NIV Study Bible, the Wesleyan revision, Reflecting God Study Bible, as well as the Life Application Study Bible. Reception[edit] Biblical scholar Bruce M. Metzger criticized[20] the addition of just into Jeremiah 7:22 so the verse becomes For when I brought your forefathers out of Egypt and spoke to them, I did not just give them commands about burnt offerings and sacrifices. Metzger also criticized[20] the addition of your into Matthew 13:32, so it becomes Though it [the mustard seed] is the smallest of all your seeds, avoiding any impression of Jesuss speaking a botanical untruth. The usage of your in this verse has been removed in the 2011 NIV revision. N. T. Wright has written that concerning previous revisions, paraphrasing or interpretative glosses in Pauls letters make it so that Protestants and Evangelicals, if they rely on the NIV, never understand what Paul was talking about.[21] 2011 Revision[edit] Professor of New Testament Studies Daniel B. Wallace[22] has praised the 2011 update, it is a well-thought out translation, with checks and balances through rigorous testing, overlapping committees to ensure consistency and accuracy.[23] However, the Southern Baptist Convention rejected the 2011 update because of gender-related issues. Southern Baptist publisher LifeWay declined the SBCs censor request to remove the NIV from their stores.[24][25] The Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod also cautioned against its use. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Posted on: Mon, 07 Jul 2014 03:48:48 +0000
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