The below commands are important and often used for more checkout the image at the bottom of the article mkdir – make directories Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY… eg. mkdir lhn ls – list directory contents Usage: ls [OPTION]… [FILE]… eg. ls, ls l, ls lhn cd – changes directories Usage: cd [DIRECTORY] eg. cd lhn pwd - print name of current working directory Usage: pwd vim – Vi Improved, a programmers text editor Usage: vim [OPTION] [file]… eg. vim lhn.txt cp – copy files and directories Usage: cp [OPTION]… SOURCE DEST eg. cp sample.txt sample_copy.txt cp sample_copy.txt target_dir mv – move (rename) files Usage: mv [OPTION]… SOURCE DEST eg. mv source.txt target_dir mv old.txt new.txt rm remove files or directories Usage: rm [OPTION]… FILE… eg. rm file1.txt , rm rf some_dir find – search for files in a directory hierarchy Usage: find [OPTION] [path] [pattern] eg. find file1.txt, find name file1.txt history – prints recently used commands Usage: history cat – concatenate files and print on the standard output Usage: cat [OPTION] [FILE]… eg. cat file1.txt file2.txt cat n file1.txt echo – display a line of text Usage: echo [OPTION] [string] … eg. echo I love India echo $HOME grep - print lines matching a pattern Usage: grep [OPTION] PATTERN [FILE]… eg. grep i apple sample.txt wc - print the number of newlines, words, and bytes in files Usage: wc [OPTION]… [FILE]… eg. wc file1.txt wc L file1.txt sort – sort lines of text files Usage: sort [OPTION]… [FILE]… eg. sort file1.txt sort r file1.txt tar – to archive a file Usage: tar [OPTION] DEST SOURCE eg. tar cvf /home/archive.tar /home/original tar xvf /home/archive.tar kill – to kill a process(using signal mechanism) Usage: kill [OPTION] pid eg. kill 9 2275 ps – report a snapshot of the current processes Usage: ps [OPTION] eg. ps, ps el who – show who is logged on Usage: who [OPTION] eg. who , who b , who q passwd – update a user’s authentication tokens(s) Usage: passwd [OPTION] eg. passwd su – change user ID or become superuser Usage: su [OPTION] [LOGIN] eg. su remo, su chown – change file owner and group Usage: chown [OPTION]… OWNER[:[GROUP]] FILE… eg. chown remo myfile.txt chmod – change file access permissions Usage: chmod [OPTION] [MODE] [FILE] eg. chmod 744 calculate.sh zip – package and compress (archive) files Usage: zip [OPTION] DEST SOURSE eg. zip original.zip original unzip – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive Usage: unzip filename eg. unzip original.zi ssh – SSH client (remote login program) “ssh is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine” Usage: ssh [options] [user]@hostname eg. ssh X [email protected] scp – secure copy (remote file copy program) “scp copies files between hosts on a network” Usage: scp [options] [[user]@host1:file1] [[user]@host2:file2] eg. scp file1.txt [email protected]:~/Desktop/ fdisk – partition manipulator eg. sudo fdisk l mount – mount a file system Usage: mount t type device dir eg. mount /dev/sda5 /media/target umount – unmount file systems Usage: umount [OPTIONS] dir | device… eg. umount /media/target du – estimate file space usage Usage: du [OPTION]… [FILE]… eg. du df – report filesystem disk space usage Usage: df [OPTION]… [FILE]… eg. df quota – display disk usage and limits Usage: quota [OPTION] eg. quota v reboot – reboot the system Usage: reboot [OPTION] eg. reboot poweroff – power off the system Usage: poweroff [OPTION] eg. poweroff kate – KDE Advanced Text Editor Usage: kate [options][file(s)] eg. kate file1.txt file2.txt vim – Vi Improved, a programmers text editor Usage: vim [OPTION] [file]… eg. vi hello.c gedit A text Editor. Used to create and edit files. Usage: gedit [OPTION] [FILE]… eg. gedit bg – make a foreground process to run in background Usage: type ‘ctrl+z’ and then ‘bg ‘ fg – to make background process as foreground process Usage: fg [jobid] jobs – displays the names and ids of background jobs Usage: jobs sed stream editor for filtering and transforming text Usage: sed [OPTION] [inputfile]… eg. sed ‘s/love/hate/g’ loveletter.txt awk pattern scanning and processing language eg. awk F: ‘{ print $1 }’ sample_awk.txt find search for files in a directory hierarchy Usage: find [OPTION] [path] [pattern] eg. find name file1.txt locate – find or locate a file Usage: locate [OPTION]… FILE… eg. locate file1.txt
Posted on: Sun, 18 Jan 2015 20:13:16 +0000