The melhun, originally a pure literary creation, emerged as a poetic art today known in Morocco under the name of qasida (meaning poem) (Arabic: القصيدة) or zajal (Arabic: الزجل).The qasida of the malhun is based on two essential elements: the overtures preceding it and the parts of which it is composed. Aqsam (Arabic: الأقسام) verses sung solo interrupted by the harba refrain (meaning launch)[citation needed] (Arabic: الحربة). Harba, the origin of which goes back to the 16th century, is a refrain taken up between the verses by the sheddada (Arabic: الشدادة), a group of singers and instrumentalist-singers). Another refrain called dridka (Arabic: الدريدكة) is a simplified form of the harba, taking off from an accelerated rhythm to announce the end of a qassida. The qasida however preserved the division of the text in stanzas as in the Andalusian song: the verse (ghson, meaning branch) can include from eight to sixteen verses, a short refrain or harba offers an alternation which makes it possible to break the monotony of the musical discourse of the Malhoun song. This gave rise to the suruf, subsidiary procedures employed by singers to produce an even greater effect on the audience and above all to correct the rhythm. Abdelaziz al-Maghrawi (16th 17th centuries) created from dān, a word that has no meaning, verses which were used as the basis for versewriting by Maghreb folk poets. (e.g. Dān dāni yā dāni dān dān yā dān).
Posted on: Sat, 22 Nov 2014 15:17:10 +0000
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