The positive reinforcement procedure conventionally is described - TopicsExpress

The positive reinforcement procedure conventionally is described as presenting a stimulus following a response, as in delivering a food pellet, with an emphasis on the addition to the environment. The negative reinforcement procedure is described as subtraction (removal) from the environment, as in removing electric shock after a response occurs...the distinction between presentation and removal may be arbitrary. For example, presenting food is equivalent to removing the stimuli associated with nonfood delivery and electric shock removal is indistinguishable from presenting stimuli correlated with a safe period.-- Lattal, K.A. (1991).Experiemtnal Analysis of Behavior: Part 1, 88.

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