Typhoon Haiyan (known in the Philippines as Typhoon Yolanda) is unofficially the strongest recorded tropical cyclone to make landfall, with wind speeds up to 315 km/h (195 mph). [1] The thirteenth named storm of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season, Haiyan originated from an area of low pressure several hundred kilometers east-southeast of Pohnpei in the Federated States of Micronesia on November 2. Tracking generally westward, environmental conditions favored tropical cyclogenesis and the system developed into a tropical depression the following day. After becoming a tropical storm and attaining the name Haiyan at 0000 UTC on November 4, the system began a period of rapid intensification that brought it to typhoon intensity by 1800 UTC on November 5. By November 6, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) assessed the system as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale; the storm passed over the island of Kayangel in Palau shortly after attaining this strength. Thereafter, it continued to intensify; at 1200 UTC on November 7, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) upgraded the storms maximum ten-minute sustained winds to 235 km/h (145 mph), the highest in relation to the cyclone. At 1800 UTC, the JTWC estimated the systems one-minute sustained winds to 315 km/h (195 mph), unofficially making Haiyan the fourth most intense tropical cyclone ever observed. Several hours later, the eye of the cyclone made its first landfall in the Philippines at Guiuan, Eastern Samar, without any change in intensity; if verified, this would make Haiyan the strongest tropical cyclone to make a landfall on record, surpassing the old record of 305 km/h (190 mph) set by Atlantic Hurricane Camille in 1969. Gradually weakening, the storm made five additional landfalls in the country before emerging over the South China Sea. Turning northwestward, the typhoon eventually struck northern Vietnam as a severe tropical storm on November 10. Haiyan was last noted as a tropical depression by the JMA the following day. The cyclone caused devastation in the Philippines, particularly on Samar Island and Leyte, where the governor estimated that at least 10,000 people may have died in the city of Tacloban alone.[2] Meteorological history Map showing the path of a storm as represented by colored dots connected by a white line; the position of the dots indicates the storms position at six-hour intervals, while color denotes the storms intensity at that point. Storm path On November 2, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began monitoring a broad low-pressure area about 425 km (265 mi) east-southeast of Pohnpei, one of the states in the Federated States of Micronesia.[nb 1] The system featured broken banding features alongside steadily consolidating convection. Environmental conditions ahead of the disturbance favored tropical cyclogenesis and dynamic weather forecast models predicted that a well-defined tropical cyclone would form within 72 hours.[4] Early on November 3, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified the system as a tropical depression.[5][nb 2] Owing to a consolidating low-level circulation center with building deep convection, the JTWC also classified the system as a tropical depression, shortly after issuing a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert.[7][8] Subsequent intensification resulted in the JMA upgrading the system to a tropical storm and assigning it the name Haiyan (Chinese: 海燕; literally petrel) at 0000 UTC on November 4.[9] Meanwhile, the JTWC also upgraded it to a tropical storm, when the expansive system was steadily consolidating in an area of weak to moderate vertical wind shear and tracking westward along the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge.[10] By November 5, the storm began to undergo rapid intensification as a prominent central dense overcast (CDO) with an embedded eye began developing. Because an eye formed, the JTWC estimated Haiyan to have achieved typhoon status around 0000 UTC that day.[11][12] The JMA followed suit 18 hours later,[13] by which time the JTWC estimated one-minute sustained winds to have reached 195 km/h (120 mph).[14] A small typhoon, with a core roughly 110 km (70 mi) across, rapid intensification continued through November 6 as a 11 km (7 mi) wide pin-hole eye formed. Upper-level outflow favored further strengthening of the system and was further enhanced by a Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough to the northeast.[15] Intense banding features along the southern periphery of Haiyan wrapped into the system as well. Early on November 6, the JTWC estimated the system to have achieved super typhoon status.[16][nb 3] That day, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigned the storm the local name Yolanda as it approached their area of responsibility.[18] Intensification slowed somewhat during the day, though the JTWC estimated the storm to have attained Category 5-equivalent status on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale around 1200 UTC. At this time, Haiyan displayed a 15 km (9 mi) wide eye surrounded by a ring of deep convection.[19] Later, the eye of the typhoon passed over the island of Kayangel in Palau.[20] Satellite image of a large tropical cyclone. Though there is no eye, multiple rainbands wrap in an organized fashion about the storms center. Typhoon Haiyan over the Philippines on November 8 Around 1200 UTC on November 7, Haiyan attained its peak intensity with ten-minute sustained winds of 235 km/h (145 mph) and a barometric pressure of 895 mbar (hPa; 26.43 inHg).[21] This made it the second-most intense tropical cyclone in the Northwest Pacific Ocean on record, based on wind speeds alone, along with Bess in 1982 and Megi in 2010, only after Tip in 1979.[22] Six hours later, the JTWC estimated Haiyan to have attained one-minute sustained winds of 315 km/h (195 mph) and gusts up to 378 km/h (235 mph).[23] This unofficially ranks Haiyan as the fourth-strongest tropical cyclone on record in terms of wind speed, only exceeded by Typhoon Ida (325 km/h) in 1958, Typhoon Violet (335 km/h) in 1961, and Typhoon Nancy (345 km/h) in 1961. However, due to the fact the wind recordings in typhoons were erroneously high during the 1950s and 1960s, Haiyan unofficially ranks as the strongest tropical cyclone on record.[24] The storm displayed some characteristics of an annular tropical cyclone, though a strong convective band remained present along the western side of the system.[23] Satellite estimates at the time, using the Dvorak technique, reached the maximum level on the scale: T#8.0.[23] The storms structure exceeded the maximum intensity on the scale as, the Dvorak technique makes no allowance for an eye embedded so deeply in cloud tops as cold as [cold dark gray],[nb 4] as noted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations (NOAA) satellite analysis branch.[25] Some automated models initialized its intensity at T#8.1, exceeding the scales upper bounds.[26] Through satellite estimates, NOAA also estimated that Haiyan achieved a minimum pressure between 858 mbar (hPa; 25.34 inHg) and 884 mbar (hPa; 26.11 inHg).[26][27] Around 1900 UTC on November 7, Typhoon Haiyan made landfall in Guiuan, Eastern Samar at peak intensity.[28] Upon doing so, it became one of the strongest landfalling tropical cyclones on record. In terms of one-minute sustained winds from the JTWC, Haiyan was the most powerful storm to strike land on record.[24] Interaction with land caused slight degradation of the storms structure, though it remained an exceptionally powerful storm when it struck Tolosa, Leyte between 2000 and 2100 UTC.[29][30] The mountainous terrain of the Philippines disrupted the cyclones low-level inflow and prompted steady weakening. Convection shallowed somewhat and the eye shrunk and became cloud-filled.[31] The typhoon made four additional landfalls as it traversed the Visayas:[32] Bantayan Island, Daanbantayan, Panay, and Busuanga Island.[29] Haiyan emerged over the South China Sea late on November 8. The storms core had been substantially disrupted during its passage through the Philippines, with only a partial eyewall remaining intact around a ragged cloud-filled eye. In contrast to the appearance, the JTWC estimated it to have retained winds of 235 km/h (145 mph) at this time,[33] while the JMA estimated winds at 165 km/h (105 mph).[34] By November 9, some structural reorganization took place with banding features wrapping tightly around a developing eye.[35] Environmental conditions ahead of the storm soon became less favorable, as cool stable air began wrapping into the western side of the circulation. This resulted in shallowing convecting over the center. [36] Continuing across the South China Sea, Haiyan turned more northwesterly late on November 9 and through November 10 as it moved around the southwestern edge of the subtropical ridge previously steering it westward.[37] Throughout November 10, interaction with Hainan Island and Vietnam further weakened the storm as it moved over the Gulf of Tonkin.[38] Rapid weakening ensued as Haiyan approached its final landfall in Vietnam, with increasing wind shear displacing convection to the north of the center of circulation.[39] Around 2100 UTC, Haiyan made landfall in Haiphong as a severe tropical storm with ten-minute sustained winds of 110 km/h (70 mph).[40] Preparations Micronesia and Luis Palau (español)Upon JTWC’s declaration of Tropical Depression 31W on November 3, a tropical storm warning was issued for Chuuk Lagoon, Losap, and Poluwat in the Federated States of Micronesia. Further west, Faraulep, Satawal, and Woleai, were placed under a typhoon watch while Fananu and Ulul were placed under a tropical storm watch.[41] The following day, the tropical storm warning expanded to include Satawal while a typhoon warning was issued for Woleai.[42] Much of Yap State and the islands of Koror and Kayangel in Palau were placed under a typhoon watch. [43] The government issued a mandatory evacuation for Kayangel, and although most residents ignored the warning, they all survived the storm.[20] As Haiyan progressed westward, the easternmost advisories were gradually discontinued.[43] As Haiyan intensified into a typhoon on November 5, warnings were raised across Palau and Yap State.[44][45] Government offices in Melekeok were used as an evacuation building for Palau.[46] Despite mandatory evacuation orders, most residents on Kayangel remained on the island and rode out the typhoon.[47] Philippines Highest Public Storm Warning Signals raised by PAGASA throughout the Philippines. Shortly before Typhoon Haiyan entered the Philippine area of responsibility on November 6, PAGASA raised Public Storm Warning Signal (PSWS) #1, the lowest of four levels, for much of the Visayas and Mindanao.[48] As the storm continued to approach the country, warnings expanded into Luzon and increased in severity for eastern areas.[49] By the evening of November 7, PSWS #4, the highest level of warning which indicates winds in excess of 185 km/h (115 mph) are expected, was raised for Biliran Island, Eastern Samar, Leyte, northern Cebu, Samar, and Southern Leyte.[50][51] Through November 8, the coverage of PSWS #4 continued to expand, with areas in southern Luzon being included.[52] Officials placed police officers in the Bicol Region ahead of the storm.[53] In the provinces of Samar and Leyte, classes were canceled, and residents in flood- and landslide-prone areas were required to evacuate.[54] Some of the storm-threatened areas were affected by an earlier earthquake in Bohol.[55] The Philippine President requested the military to deploy planes and helicopters to the region expected to be affected.[56] As Haiyan was moving very fast, PAGASA issued warnings at different levels to about 60 of the 80 provinces, including the capital Metro Manila.[57] The International Charter on Space and Major Disasters was activated, providing for widespread charitable satellite coverage.[58] Vietnam As of November 9 the storm was heading to Vietnam, where sustained wind speeds at landfall were forecast to be in the region of 120–130 km/h (75–80 mph), with gusts up to 185 km/h (115 mph). 200,000 people were being evacuated in central Vietnam. Schools were being closed and people living in low-lying coastal areas moved to typhoon shelters on higher ground. Shipping was ordered back to port. Some 170,000 soldiers were mobilised to provide emergency relief. Shortly before, central Vietnam had suffered widespread damage from typhoons Wutip and Nari, but Haiyan was expected to be at least twice as powerful, and likely to cause much damage, particularly to houses to which makeshift repairs were made after the earlier typhoons.[59] Approximately 600,000 people were evacuated ahead of Haiyans arrival in Vietnam; however, there were complaints by many that the warnings came too late. On the small island of Cồn Cỏ, all residents were relocated to underground shelters with enough supplies for several days. Hundreds of flights were canceled across the country while schools were closed on November 11.[60] China The State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters hoisted a level three emergency response in the provinces of Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi. All fishing vessels were urged to return to ports by noon on November 9.[61] Under the combined effects of Haiyan and strong easterlies brought by the subtropical ridge, strong winds have been recorded in Hong Kong since 9th November, 2013. The Hong Kong Observatory has issued the Strong Monsoon Signal at 19:10 HKT on 9th November, 2013, and is still in place as on 11th November. One person was swept away under 3 meter waves off Lower Cheung Sha Beach, Lantau Island.[62] Impact Micronesia and Palau On Kayangel in Palau, a high storm surge damaged several houses,[46] while strong winds downed trees.[20] Despite residents refusal to evacuate, no fatalities or major injuries took place on the island. Helicopters were flown to the island to survey damage and provide relief supplies. The government planned to evacuate those who were left homeless from the island.[47] Koror, Babeldaob and Kayangel each lost access to water and power.[20] In Koror, winds reaching as high as 120 km/h (75 mph) blew out rooftops and downed trees and power lines. A causeway linking an offshore hospital to the main island was temporarily shut down after being inundated by water.[63] On the northern end of Babeldaob, Haiyan damaged schools and buildings.[46] Lying closest to Haiyan at the time of the typhoons passage, Kayangel was flooded in its entirety, and all homes were destroyed. Though no people were killed there, 69 others were displaced by the storm.[63] Philippines Effects of Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) in the Philippines [hide]Casualties Region Deaths Injuries Missing CALABARZON (IV-A) 2 2 0 MIMAROPA (IV-B) 5 0 0 Bicol Region (V) 2 21 0 Western Visayas (VI) 39 43 11 Central Visayas (VII) 64 4 8 Eastern Visayas (VIII) 1,660 2,416 63 Zamboanga Peninsula (IX) 1 1 0 Caraga (XIII) 1 0 0 Total 1,774 2,487 82 [hide]Damage Amount Agriculture ₱373,202,023.48 (US$8,556,775.98) Infrastructure ₱87,997,500.00 (US$2,017,606.68) Total damages[nb 5] ₱461,199,523.48 (US$10,574,382.66) SOURCE: Data gathered from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC). Updated as of 10:00 a.m. of November 12, 2013.[64] In Surigao City, 281.9 mm (11.10 in) of rainfall was recorded, much of which fell in under 12 hours.[65] Haiyan made its initial landfall in Guiuan, Eastern Samar at 20:45 UTC on November 7, 2013, with preliminarily estimated sustained wind speeds between 147 and 195 miles-per-hour. [28][66][67] PAGASA also recorded that Haiyan made landfall on the Visayas region six times.[68] Storm surges were also recorded in many places. In the island of Leyte and Samar, PAGASA measured 5–6 meter (15–19 ft) waves.[69] As of 10 November 2013, 151 deaths had been confirmed by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC).[70] However, an official in Samar reported a death toll of 300.[71] In Tacloban, Leyte, the terminal building of Tacloban Airport was destroyed by a 5.2 m (17 ft) storm surge up to the height of the second story.[72] Along the airport, a storm surge of 4 m (13 ft) was estimated.[73] Waves of 4.6 m (15 ft) were also estimated.[74] There was widespread devastation from the storm surge, with many buildings being destroyed, trees knocked over or broken, and cars piled up.[74] The low-lying areas on the eastern side of Tacloban city had been most badly affected, with the low-lying populated areas near the coast completely washed away. Flooding also extended for one kilometer inland on the east coast of the province.[74] Preliminary estimates were that more than 1,000 people had died in Tacloban city within Leyte province, with 200 more than in Samar province.[74][75][76][77] 70 to 80% of the province of Leyte has been destroyed, and the governor estimates there are at least 10,000 people dead.[78][79] As national government authorities started to enter the devastated areas on November 9, the Philippine Daily Inquirer reported that the Philippine Red Cross feared a death toll of around 1,200.[76] On the western coast of Samar the storm surge was not so significant.[80] Most families in Samar and Leyte have lost some family members or relatives; families are coming in from outlying provinces looking for relatives that may have been washed away, especially children.[81] However, government aid eventually arrived into Tacloban city.[66] Although wind speeds were extreme, the major cause of damage and loss of life appears to have been storm surge. The major focus of devastation appears to have been on the east coast of Samar and Leyte, with a particular focus on Tacloban, because of its location between Samar and Leyte, and the large population in low lying areas.[80] Philippine Interior Secretary Mar Roxas said the scale of the relief operation that was now required was overwhelming, with some places described as a wasteland of mud and debris.[82] The devastation in Tacloban has been described by journalists on the ground as off the scale, and apocalyptic.[66] Tacloban has been completely flattened, where not a single building seems to have survived.[83] Animated enhanced infrared satellite loop of Typhoon Haiyan from peak intensity to landfall in the Philippines Sebastian Rhodes Stampa, head of a UN disaster assessment co-ordination team, said there was destruction on a massive scale in Tacloban. There are cars thrown like tumbleweed and the streets are strewn with debris. The last time I saw something of this scale was in the aftermath of the [2004] Indian Ocean tsunami.[74] There is little communication in the city, and no mobile phone coverage. Up the east coast of the Leyte there are numerous towns and villages that are completely cut off without any assistance. Large parts of Leyte and Samar are without power and may have no power for a month.[66] The storm crossed the Visayas region for almost a day, causing widespread flooding. In Cebu and Iloilo, struck by an earthquake two weeks before, cities were also severely devastated.[84] During the morning of November 8, media stations across the country were able to broadcast live the destruction of Haiyan. However, before afternoon, all communications on the Visayas region failed. The Presidential Communications Department of President Benigno Aquino III had difficulty contacting Interior and Local Government Secretary Mar Roxas and Defense Secretary Voltaire Gazmin in Iloilo to plan relief.[85] Widespread power interruptions, landslides and flash floods were also reported. Major roads were blocked by trees, and impassable. 453 domestic and international airline flights were canceled. Some airports were also closed on November 8 and 9. Ferries were affected. Relief and rescue efforts were underway by November 9, but some places remained isolated and out of communication due to severe damage.[86] Taiwan Twenty-six people were swept out to sea in New Taipei by heavy seas credited to Haiyan. Eighteen were rescued but eight died.[60][87] China Typhoon Haiyan reached Hainan Province, where severe damage took place and six people were killed in various incidents. Direct economic losses in Hainan amounted to ¥4.9 billion (US$803 million).[88] In Guangxi Province to the north, heavy rains up to 380 mm (15 in) fell and wind gusts reached 100 km/h (60 mph).[89] One person drowned in the province while losses amounted to ¥275 million (US$45 million).[88][89] A cargo ship broke from its moorings at Sanya on November 8;[90] three members of the crew drowned while four others went missing.[89] One person also went missing off the coast of Lantau Island, Hong Kong.[91] Vietnam In neighbouring Vietnam, Haiyan made landfall as a severe tropical storm and produced widespread heavy rain. 14 people were reported killed and 81 injured, mostly by accidents and health complications during preparation works. Four people are also listed as missing in Quang Ninh.[92] Aftermath Philippines Throughout Tacloban City, widespread looting took place in the days following Haiyans passage. In some instances, relief trucks were attacked and had food stolen in the city. Two of the citys malls and numerous grocery stores were subjected to looting. A fuel depot in the city was guarded by armed police while 200 additional officers were dispatched to assist.[93] President Benigno Aquino III considered declaring martial law in hopes of restoring order.[94][95] International response The United Nations said it was going to increase critical relief operations as a result of the devastation caused by the typhoon. Its Manila office issued a statement that read, Access remains a key challenge as some areas are still cut off from relief operations. Unknown numbers of survivors do not have basic necessities such as food, water and medicines and remain inaccessible for relief operations, as roads, airports and bridges were destroyed or covered in wreckage.[96] By November 10, US President Barack Obama pledged aid to the Philippines. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel ordered the Pacific Command to deploy vessels, including the USS George Washington (CVN-73), [97] to the region and aircraft for search-and-rescue missions as well as to deliver relief supplies. The United Nations also began relief operations by this time; however, the severe damage to infrastructure hampered efforts to distribute supplies.[93] The government of Colombia, through its Ministry of Foreign Affairs, expressed its lament toward the dramatic consequences caused by typhoon Haiyan and offered to collaborate in any way possible at the request of the Philippine government.[98] A plan was also implemented to aid its affected nationals and anyone in general with ties to Colombia through its consulate general in Manila.[99] Canada has announced $5 million in immediate aid, as well as matching any contributions Canadians would make until December 8th.[100] A disaster assistance response team was also deployed to conduct search-and-rescue operations in affected areas.[101] The United Kingdom has offered a support package worth more than £10 million along with HMS Daring and a Royal Air Force Boeing C-17 Globemaster III.[102] The European Union has offered $4.2 million, and Australia $10 million. Germany is transporting 23 tons of aid as well as supplying rescue teams.[103] Doctors Without Borders is sending 200 tons of aid, New Zealand has committed $1.78 million, Taiwan $200,000, and Singapore $40,000.[104][105] The Vatican announced that it will donate $150,000. Pope Francis expressed his sympathy and asked for people to pray in solidarity for the victims.[106] China and Vietnam, both affected countries, donated $200,000 and $100,000 respectively to the Philippine relief effort.[107] Hong Kong Chief Executive CY Leung expressed his deepest sympathies.[108] There is a call to postpone the proposed economic sanctions upon the Philippines as a result of the poor handling of the Manila hostage crisis three years before.[109][110] Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, as well as foreign minister Fumio Kishida, expressed sympathy and condolences to the victims of the typhoon. Japan has offered humanitarian assistance, sending an assessment team of two people from the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Japan Disaster Relief Medical Team to the typhoon-affected areas.[111][112] Russia offered to send a rescue team of 200 people to calamity-affected areas in the Philippines. The Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations opened up a hotline for its citizens to keep themselves updated with details about the typhoon and to share information about Russians in the Philippines who may have been affected by the calamity.[113] South Korea made a move to send an aid amounting $5 million to the Philippines. An emergency relief team composing of at least 34 people will be also sent by the South Korean government.[114] Likewise, South Korean conglomerate Samsung has committed $1 million financial aid to the Philippines.[114] On November 11, Malaysian Defence Minister Hishammuddin Hussein contacted Philippine Defense Secretary Voltaire Gazmin to determine the aid required.[115] Despite that, the Malaysian Filipino community has started collecting relief items to be sent to the country.[116] Middle Eastern countries, where about 2 million Filipinos work, also pledged their aid. Israel promised to send medical and search-and-rescue teams. Saudi Prince Talal bin Abdul Aziz pledged $100, 000 from the kingdom. Meanwhile, United Arab Emirates President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan personally gave his condolences to President Aquino and donated $10,000,000.[117] See also Portal icon Tropical cyclones portal Typhoons in the Philippines Typhoon Angela (Rosing; 1995) – swept through the Philippines at an intensity similar to Haiyan Typhoon Mike (Ruping; 1990) – one of the worst typhoons in Central Philippine history Typhoon Bopha (Pablo; 2012) – most destructive Philippine typhoon Tropical Storm Thelma (Uring; 1991) – deadliest Philippine tropical cyclone Typhoon Tip – strongest tropical cyclone based on pressure in recorded history Notes Jump up ^ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[3] Jump up ^ The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.[6] Jump up ^ A super typhoon is defined as a tropical cyclone with one-minute sustained winds of at least 240 km/h (150 mph).[17] Jump up ^ Cold dark gray refers to the temperature of cloud tops seen on enhanced infrared satellite imagery and indicates values below −80 °C (−112 °F). Jump up ^ Total damages figure includes agriculture, infrastructure, casualties, etc. damages. References Jump up ^ Sedghi, Ami (November 8, 2013). Typhoon Haiyan: how does it compare with other tropical cyclones? | World news. The Guardian. Retrieved November 11, 2013. Jump up ^ Sunshine Lichauco de Leon and Calum MacLeod (November 11, 2013). Horror stories as 10,000 feared dead in Typhoon Haiyan. USA Today. Retrieved November 11, 2013. Jump up ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. 2011. Archived from the original on July 26, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2013. Jump up ^ Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. November 2, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-02. Retrieved November 8, 2013. Jump up ^ WWJP25 RJTD 030000. Japan Meteorological Agency. November 3, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-03. Retrieved November 6, 2013. 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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013. Jump up ^ Position History for 31W. Satellite Analysis Branch. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b Tropical Cyclone Warning: Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) Severe Weather Bulletin Number Six. Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-08. Retrieved November 9, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b Tropical Cyclone Warning: Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) Severe Weather Bulletin Number Seven. Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-08. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 20. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-08. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 21. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on |archiveurl= requires |archivedate= (help). Retrieved November 9, 2013. Text 2013-11-09 ignored (help) Jump up ^ PAGASA: Typhoon Yolanda exits PAR. GMA News. November 9, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 23. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ WTPQ21 RJTD 082100 RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory. Japan Meteorological Agency. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 24. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 9, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 25. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 9, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-10. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 28. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-10. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 30. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-10. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 31. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-10. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ WTPQ21 RJTD 102100 RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory. Japan Meteorological Agency. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-10. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Derek L. Williams (November 3, 2013). Tropical Depression 31W Advisory Number 1. National Weather Service Office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-11-04. Retrieved November 6, 2013. Jump up ^ Michael P. Ziobro (November 4, 2013). Tropical Storm Haiyan (31W) Advisory Number 4. National Weather Service Office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-11-04. Retrieved November 6, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b Carl Alan Mcelroy (November 5, 2013). Tropical Storm Haiyan (31W) Advisory Number 6. National Weather Service Office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-11-05. Retrieved November 6, 2013. Jump up ^ Kenneth R. Kleeschulte and Charles P. Guard (November 5, 2013). Typhoon Haiyan (31W) Advisory Number 8. National Weather Service Office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-11-05. Retrieved November 6, 2013. Jump up ^ Patrick K. Chan (November 5, 2013). Typhoon Haiyan (31W) Advisory Number 9. National Weather Service Office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-11-06. Retrieved November 6, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b c (PDF) Palau: Typhoon Haiyan – initial damage reports as at 7 November 2013 (Report). ReliefWeb. November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b Palau assesses damage after Super Typhoon Haiyan. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-11-07. Retrieved November 7, 2013. Jump up ^ NDRRMC Advisory: Severe Weather Bulletin No. 01 re Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) (PDF). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. November 6, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ NDRRMC Advisory: Severe Weather Bulletin No. 02 re Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) (PDF). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ NDRRMC Advisory: Severe Weather Bulletin No. 04 re Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) (PDF). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ NDRRMC Advisory: Severe Weather Bulletin No. 04-A (Intermediate) re Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) (PDF). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ NDRRMC Advisory: Severe Weather Bulletin No. 5 re Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) (PDF). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Ellalyn B. De Vera and Aaron B. Recuenco (November 6, 2013). Super Typhoon ‘Yolanda’ may hit Visayas Friday. Manila Bulletin. Retrieved November 7, 2013. Jump up ^ FR Jimenez (November 7, 2013). PNoy, nagbabala sa seryosong peligrong dala ng super typhoon na si Yolanda. GMA News. Retrieved November 7, 2013. Jump up ^ Joey Gabieta, Jani Arnaiz, Nestor Burgos, Doris Bongcac, Carla Gomez, Carmel Loise Matus and Jhunnex Napallacan (November 7, 2013). Evacuation centers, rescue plans set in Visayas for supertyphoon Yolanda. Inquirer. Retrieved November 7, 2013. Jump up ^ Kristine Angeli Sabillo (November 7, 2013). Aquino: PH ready to face supertyphoon ‘Yolanda’. Inquirer. Retrieved November 7, 2013. Jump up ^ ANC (November 7, 2013). Yolanda accelerates, signal number 4 up over parts of E. Visayas. ANC and Yahoo. Retrieved November 7, 2013. Jump up ^ Disaster Charter – Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. Disasterscharter.org. Retrieved 2013-11-11. Jump up ^ BBC News: Typhoon Haiyan: Hundreds feared dead in Philippines, 9 November 2013 ^ Jump up to: a b Tropical Storm Haiyan makes landfall in Vietnam. British Broadcasting Company. November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ China issues higher Typhoon alert as Haiyan nears – Peoples Daily Online. English.peopledaily.cn. Retrieved 2013-11-11. Jump up ^ Luk, Eddie (November 11, 2013). Horror as teenager lost at sea. The Standard (Hong Kong). Retrieved November 11, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b OCHA Flash Update #3 FSM & Palau | Tropical Storm Haiyan (31W) (Report). ReliefWeb. November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2013. Jump up ^ SitRep No. 14 Effects of Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 12, 2013. Jump up ^ Eric Leister (November 9, 2013). Official: Super Typhoon Death Toll Could Reach 1,200. AccuWeather. Retrieved November 9, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Mullen, Jethro (8 November 2013). Super Typhoon Haiyan, one of strongest storms ever, hits central Philippines. CNN. Retrieved 8 November 2013. Jump up ^ Williams, Rob (8 November 2013). Typhoon Haiyan: Most powerful storm to ever hit land batters Philippines with 200mph winds. The Independent. Retrieved 8 November 2013. Jump up ^ Brian K. Sullivan, Cecilia Yap & Joel Guinto (November 8, 2013). Super Typhoon Haiyan Slams Philippines With Category-5 Power. Bloomberg. Retrieved November 8, 2013. Jump up ^ Our Foreign Staff (November 8, 2013). Super Typhoon Haiyan smashes in to Philippines. Telegraph. Retrieved November 8, 2013. Jump up ^ NDRRMC – 151 killed by Yolanda newsinfo.inquirer.net/524479/151-killed-by-yolanda-4-5m-people-affected-ndrrmc Jump up ^ Yolanda kills 300, a Samar official confirmed newsinfo.inquirer.net/524543/yolanda-kills-300-in-samar-official Jump up ^ Super Typhoon Haiyan, one of the strongest storms ever seen, hit the Philippines with record force. Jump up ^ Reuters. Massive destruction as Typhoon Haiyan kills at least 1,200 in Philippines, says Red Cross. Reuters. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Typhoon Haiyan: Hundreds feared dead in Philippines. BBC News. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Andrew Stevens and Tom Watkins. Death toll likely exceeds 1,000 after typhoon slams Philippines. CNN. ^ Jump up to: a b November 9 death toll report by the Philippine Daily Inquirer newsinfo.inquirer.net/524159/1200-believed-dead-in-philippine-typhoon-red-cross Jump up ^ Typhoon Haiyan death toll in Philippines estimated at 1,200. TheGuardian. Jump up ^ Fears at least 10,000 dead in Philippines as Super Typhoon Haiyan approaches Vietnam. ABC news. Jump up ^ Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) Update: Death Toll Could Reach 10,000. Hurricane Central. ^ Jump up to: a b DOST – Project NOAH. Jump up ^ Kate Hodal. Typhoon Haiyan: desperate survivors and destruction in flattened city. theGardian. Jump up ^ Typhoon Haiyan: Philippines battles to bring storm aid. BBC News. Jump up ^ Tacloban flattened by typhoon Haiyan. The Age. Jump up ^ Mark Tran (November 8, 2013). Philippines rescue services brace for devastation of typhoon Haiyan. The Guardian. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Frances Mangosing (November 8, 2013). Manila loses contact with Roxas, Gazmin in Leyte. Inquirer. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ Staffs (November 8, 2013). Super typhoon Haiyan shuts airports, flights cancelled across Philippines. News Australia. Retrieved November 9, 2013. Jump up ^ 8-meter waves kill 8 in Taiwan. Xinhua News. Retrieved 10 November 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b Typhoon Haiyan Leaves 7 Dead in South China. CRI. November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 12, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b c Haiyan Storm Kills 8 in China, Devastates Farming. Associated Press. ABC News. November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 12, 2013. Jump up ^ Typhoon Haiyan brings gales, rainstorms to S China. 11 November 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2013. Jump up ^ Horror as teenager lost at sea. The Standard. Retrieved 2013-11-11. Jump up ^ Bão Haiyan làm 18 người chết, mất tích, 81 người bị thương. Voice of Vietnam. November 12, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b Typhoon Haiyan slams into northern Vietnam. Associated Press. CBS News. November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Philippine Red Cross says typhoon relief efforts being hampered by looters. Associated Press. Fox News. November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. Jump up ^ Harlan, Chico (November 11, 2013). Philippines reeling after historic typhoon. Washington Post. pp. A1, A20. Jump up ^ UN Rushes Aid as Typhoon Haiyan Leaves Philippines Counting Dead Jump up ^ Typhoon Haiyan leaves 1,774 dead, hideous destruction. CNN. 2013-11-08. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ Comunicado del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores en solidaridad con el Gobierno y el pueblo de Filipinas | Cancillería (in (Spanish)). Cancilleria.gov.co. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ Cancillería está atenta a las necesidades de los connacionales que se encuentran en Filipinas, tras el paso del tifón Haiyan | Cancillería (in (Spanish)). Cancilleria.gov.co. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ Mackrael, Kim (10 November 2013). Ottawa will match Canadians donations to Typhoon Haiyan relief efforts, minister says. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ Ottawa sending DART to Philippines after deadly storm. CTV News. 2013-11-11. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ UK to send ship to help Philippines, David Cameron announces. BBC. 11/11/2013. Retrieved 11/11/2013. Jump up ^ ABC/AFP (11 November 2013). Australia pledges $10m in aid for the Philippines in wake of Typhoon Haiyan. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-24901993 Jump up ^ AFP (11 November 2013). World comes to aid of Haiyan victims. Retrieved 11 November 2013. Jump up ^ Vatican gives $150,000 in emergency aid to PH | Inquirer Global Nation. Globalnation.inquirer.net. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-24901993 Jump up ^ CE expresses sympathies for victims of Philippine typhoon. Info.gov.hk. Retrieved 2013-11-11. Jump up ^ Transcript of remarks by CE at media session (with video). Info.gov.hk. Retrieved 2013-11-11. Jump up ^ rthk.hk - HKs sanctions threat unchanged. M.rthk.org.hk. Retrieved 2013-11-11. Jump up ^ Typhoon Damage in the Philippines (Dispatch of Assessment Team) ｜ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Mofa.go.jp. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ Typhoon Damage in the Philippines (Messages of Sympathies from Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Minister for Foreign Affairs Fumio Kishida) ｜ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Mofa.go.jp. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ Russias Emergencies Ministry opens Philippines typhoon hotline - News - World - The Voice of Russia: News, Breaking news, Politics, Economics, Business, Russia, International current events, Expert opinion, podcasts, Video. The Voice of Russia. 2013-09-19. Retrieved 2013-11-12. ^ Jump up to: a b S. Korea to offer 5 mln USD in aid for typhoon-hit Philippines. China.org.cn. 2009-09-25. Retrieved 2013-11-12. Jump up ^ Razak Ahmad (12 November 2013). Malaysia offers aid to Philippines in wake of Haiyan. The Star (Malaysia). Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013. Jump up ^ Melissa Goh (11 November 2013). Malaysias Filipino community sends relief aid to those affected by Typhoon Haiyan. Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013. Jump up ^ csmonitor/World/Middle-East/Olive-Press/2013/1111/Why-Arab-presidents-and-princes-are-pledging-millions-to-Philippines-in-typhoon-Haiyan-aid-video External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Haiyan (2013). Tropical Cyclone Information of TY 1330 (Haiyan) from the Japan Meteorological Agency Tropical Cyclone Information from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center General information of Typhoon 201330 (Haiyan) from Digital Typhoon Super Typhoon Haiyan from the CIMSS Satellite Blog Animated sequence from the Hong Kong Observatory Compilation of satellite imagery and mapping products, pre- and post-disaster from UN-SPIDER Latest humanitarian response information via ReliefWeb [show] v t e Tropical cyclones of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season Help improve this pageWhats this? Did you find what you were looking for? Yes No Categories: 2013 in China2013 in Palau2013 in Taiwan2013 in the Federated States of Micronesia2013 in Vietnam2013 Pacific typhoon seasonTyphoons in ChinaTyphoons in PalauTyphoons in TaiwanTyphoons in the Federated States of MicronesiaTyphoons in the Philippines (2013)Typhoons in Vietnam Navigation menu Create accountLog inArticleTalkReadView sourceView history Search Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact page Tools Print/export Languages العربية বাংলা Català Česky Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Español Français 한국어 हिन्दी Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ಕನ್ನಡ Latviešu Magyar മലയാളം Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本語 Norsk bokmål ភាសាខ្មែរ Polski Português Română Русский Scots Simple English Slovenčina Српски / srpski Suomi Svenska Tagalog தமிழ் తెలుగు Українська Tiếng Việt Winaray 中文 Edit links This page was last modified on 12 November 2013 at 09:18. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. Typhoon Haiyan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page semi-protected This article is about the 2013 typhoon. For other storms of the same name, see Typhoon Haiyan (disambiguation). This article documents a current disaster. Information regarding it may change rapidly as it progresses. Although this article is updated frequently, it may not reflect the most current information about this disaster for all areas. Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) Typhoon (JMA) Category 5 super typhoon (SSHS) Typhoon Haiyan approaching the Philippines on November 7, 2013 Typhoon Haiyan approaching the Philippines on November 7, 2013 Formed November 3, 2013 Dissipated November 11, 2013 Highest winds 10-minute sustained: 230 km/h (145 mph) 1-minute sustained: 315 km/h (195 mph) Lowest pressure 895 mbar (hPa); 26.43 inHg (Preliminary) Fatalities 1,804 confirmed, >10,000 reported Damage $858.6 million (2013 USD) (Preliminary total) Areas affected Micronesia Philippines Southern China Vietnam Part of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season Contents [hide] 1 Meteorological history 2 Preparations 2.1 Micronesia and Palau 2.2 Philippines 2.3 Vietnam 2.4 China 3 Impact 3.1 Micronesia and Palau 3.2 Philippines 3.3 Taiwan 3.4 China 3.5 Vietnam 4 Aftermath 4.1 Philippines 4.1.1 International response 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External links
Posted on: Tue, 12 Nov 2013 10:15:03 +0000
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