What is a condition (Shart)? ====================== I realised while discussing with a number of people recently, that they do not understand the shari’ah terminology that I am referring to. When I say ‘give proof that this is a condition of so and so’ or I say, “this is not a condition of the validity of khilafah” etc – it appears that some people just don’t understand what I mean at all. E.g. they may think the khilafah is invalid because it doesn’t control all territories in the world, or because it is not Mahdi, or because its soldiers killed some Muslims (whether by accident or deliberately), or because certain scholars in dar ul kufr were not consulted etc – when all of these are not CONDITIONS – i.e. they do not invalidate a khilafah even if the accusations are true. A condition is “A matter that its presence does not necessitate the presence of the rule but its absence necessitates the absences of the rule.” This could be different types: 1. Shart In’iqaad or Shart Mulzim (Binding condition or burdened condition) – like the wudu’ for the salah, having wudu’ doesn’t mean you can pray maghrib before its time, but if you don’t have wudu’ it is impossible to pray even if it is time. 2. Shart afdhaliyyah or Shart kamal (Recommended condition or a condition for the perfection of a matter) – like washing 3 times in wudu’ instead of once. If you dont wash three times you still have wudu’ but if you did it 3 times you would have had more reward. 3. Shart Mukhayyar – (Optional condition) – eg Allah says to take 2 male witnesses for a loan OR 1 male and 2 women. 4- Shart Muhaddad Al Miqdaar – (A condition with a specific amount) such as the condition of the Nisaab of Zakat is a specific number of camels, sheep, weight of gold or silver etc. 5- Shart Mutaraddad – (A condition that fluctuates in amount and may not be the same each time) e.g. a dowry for marriage can vary. 6- Shart Muhmal – (Ignored condition) a condition that is made by one party but is ignored as it contradicts Islam, the prophet (saw) said to Aishah when she bought a slave with an invalid condition placed on her by the seller “Whatever condition is not in the book of Allah, it is invalid even if it was a hundred conditions.” and when Quraish put the condition that Muslim men and women leaving Makkah to go to Madinah after Hudaybiyyah must be turned away by Muhammad (saw), Allah ordered the prophet (saw) to ignore this condition in relation to believing women as it is not allowed to return them to the kuffar (although he fulfilled the condition regarding men e.g. Abu Baseer). With this in mind – we need to understand that to say a Khilafah is invalid because of XYZ condition – we must FIRST know what type of condition this is & what are the evidences for such a condition. Wallahu Alam
Posted on: Sun, 14 Dec 2014 18:04:25 +0000
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