What is a military? What is national security? What is a defense policy? Societies are governed by states. A state is a political organization commanding the legitimate use of military within a certain geographical territory. Executive control of military or armed forces and paramilitary forces by government department is through a Department of Defense. A military is an organization authorized by its greater society to use lethal force, in defending its country by combating actual or perceived threats. A hierarchy is an arrangement of items in which the items are represented as being ‘above’, ‘below’ or ‘at the same level’. Hierarchical military organizations of a state are armed forces and paramilitary forces. Armed Services hierarchy is basically command combat, combat support and service support. The use of formalized armed forces ranks came into widespread use with the Roman legions . Military man serves in the armed forces as a member of a military force. Military ranks are a system of hierarchical relationships in armed forces. Ranks in an armed force’s hierarchical structure are for management and administration of military organizations. Modern military services recognize three broad categories of personnel as codified in the Geneva Conventions, which distinguish officers, non-commissioned officers, and enlisted men. Officers are distinguished from other military members by holding a commission. They are trained as leaders for command positions. An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. A non-commissioned NCO or non-com is a military officer who has not been given a commission. Non-commissioned officers ‘NCOs’ in positions of authority have control or charge rather than command. Enlisted personnel are personnel below commissioned rank and make up the vast majority of military personnel. The first requirement of the military is to establish itself as a force with the capability to execute national defense policy created by policy makers or policy analyst, One of the roles of military command is to translate defense policy into concrete missions. Armed Services is a collective term that refers to the major organizational entities of national armed forces. Under the Law of Armed Conflict, a state may incorporate a paramilitary organization or armed agency charged with police functions into its armed forces. Military capability is combat readiness, sustainable capability and force structure. Military capabilities are used in the area of operations, in view of the culture, demography and the preparedness of the enemy. The difference between expected and deliverable military capabilities is called the military capability gap, National security is the requirement to maintain the survival of the state through the use of economic power, political power and defense diplomacy by maintaining effective armed forces along with implementing secret police to protect the nation from internal threats. Defense diplomacy is the pursuit of foreign policy objectives through the national security policy. Defense diplomacy as an organizing concept for defense-related international activity .Defense diplomacy, is the peaceful application of resources from across the spectrum of defense, to achieve positive outcomes outreach, confidence and security building measures, and non-proliferation activities. Major General Ng Chee Khern, said ‘In defense diplomacy, we seek to develop mutually beneficial relationships with friendly countries and armed forces to contribute to a stable international and regional environment.’ Defense diplomacy is distinct from the concept of gunboat diplomacy, which is a desire to intimidate potential adversaries. Defense policy is public policy of international security and the military decision-making of how to commit national armed forces. Defense policy identifies threats of hostility and military scope of national security. Defense policy addresses, political-military relationships or civilian control of the military. A ministry is a specialized organization responsible for a sector of government public administration, led by a minister . Defense ministry is the primary decision-maker for the national defense policy. The statement about present or future military operations is national defense policy and it is a global understanding of capability needs, capability trends and capability shortfalls. Defeating the enemy with capabilities and concepts is the goal of national defense policy . Defense policy differs from rules of engagement as it determines when, where, and how military force is to be used. Rules of Engagement ‘ROE’ are political, legal and ethical factors other than military capabilities.
Posted on: Wed, 14 Aug 2013 19:08:11 +0000
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