groups, namely, to express yourself, to provide information for your reader, to persuade your reader and to create a literary work. From the quotation above, it can be concluded that writing is one of the language skills that should be owned when learning a language. Furthermore, writing is deliberate act which it has to make up ones mind to do it. It presents some information that will be formed to the reader. Additionally, there are various types of writing. The types can be grouped into modes which refers to the central purpose of a piece of writing, they are : Narration, Descriptive, Persuasive, Exposition, Research, Response to Literature, Assessment, and Workplace, Horror Stories, Adventure Stories, Fables, Myths and Legends, Historical, Narratives, Ballads, Slice of Life, Personal Experience. 2.1.2.2 Teaching writing Writing skills is one of the 4 English language skills in addition to listening, speaking and reading. Writing skills include productive or produce other than speaking skills. Writing learning in schools has not been through the correct process. Teachers often delegates the task of writing without giving proper steps to be able to produce good work. Writing is not simply a matter of putting words together, it is a recursive process, It is a process of revision and rewriting. Teaching writing means We create a pedagogy that helps students see writing as continuous process of Revising and rewriting as They invent, plan, Their draft text. Writing is not the only activities combine words. writing is a process repeated, namely process of revising and rewriting. Teaching writing means that we create a science education that helps students see that writing requires steps to find, plan and create a draft text. Furthermore Carderonello and Edwards (1986:5) explain in their book Raugh Draft as follows: specify that there are five components in the process of writing, namely: - Inventing: Namely to find and generate ideas / ideas of students, what will students write or tell, steps can find ideas in many ways such as reading, talking, brainstorming, questions, etc. mind mapping. - Planning: the stages of how students are trying to determine how to convey ideas. This stage students will be raised the issue, purpose, reader, text structure and tone of the text to be written. - Drafting: In this stage, students tried to form a material or materials into text. Draft sustainable written, from draft 1, draft 2 and draft 3 to be the final result. - Revising: revise including adding a new idea, another idea of eliminating some of the words or ideas that do not need or reconstruct what has been written in the draft. - Editing: Editing is polishing a piece of writing from various aspects such as, spelling, tenses, choice of words and others. 2.1.3. Narrative 2.1.3.1 Definition of Narrative A narrative is a constructive format (as a work of speech, writing, song, film, television, video games, photography or theatre) that describes a sequence of non-fictional or fictional events. The word derives from the Latin verb narrate, "to recount", and is related to the adjective gnarls, "knowing" or "skilled". The word "story" may be used as a synonym of "narrative", but can also be used to refer to the sequence of events described in a narrative. A narrative can also be told by a character within a larger narrative. An important part of narration is the narrative mode, the set of methods used to communicate the narrative through a process narration. Along with exposition, argumentation and description, narration, broadly defined, is one of four rhetorical modes of discourse. More narrowly defined, it is the fiction-writing mode whereby the narrator communicates directly to the reader. 2.1.3.2 Characteristics of Narrative The basic purpose of narrative is to entertain, to gain and hold a reader`s interest. However, narratives can also be written to teach and inform, to change attitudes/social opinions and television drama that are used to raise topical issues. Narrative sequence people/ characters in time and place but differ from recounts in that trough the sequencing, the stories set up one or more problems, which should eventually find a way to be resolved. In a traditional narrative, the focus of the text is on a series of actions, it can carry through the students easier to plan for writing of narrative focusing on : 1. ORIENTATION Orientation or introduction included the characters. Setting and Time of the story. For instance, who are the main character?, what do they look like?, where will the story take place?, when will the story take place?, for example : Mr Wolf went out hunting in the forest one dark glommy night. 2. COMPLICATION Complication or problem usually involves the main character (s), (often mirroring the complications in real life. 3. RESOLUTION There needs to be a resolution of the complication. The complication can be resolved for better or worse / happily or unhappily. Sometimes there are a number of complication that have to be resolved. These add and sustain interest and suspense or the reader. Further, there are several features or characteristics of narrative (dks (Dick King-Smith)/narrative-texts.html) that students should be comprehended and applicated it in writing classroom, they are :
Posted on: Fri, 19 Jul 2013 09:03:30 +0000
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