আমার সোনার বাংলা [amaɾ sonar bangla], (My Golden Bengal) is the national anthem of Bangladesh. It is part of a Bangali song with the same title, written by Rabindranath Tagore in 1905. The word সোনার (Sonar) literally means made of gold, but in the song সোনার বাংলা sonar Bangla may be interpreted to either express the preciousness of Bengal or a reference to the color of paddy fields before harvest. The song was written in 1905 during the period of বঙ্গভঙ্গ (Bonggobhonggo) [Partition of Bangla (1905)] - when the ruling British empire had the province of Bangla (of undivided India) split into two parts; the decision on the Partition of Bangla was announced on 19 July 1905 by then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon. The partition took effect on 16 October 1905. This divide of Bengal was along communal lines — East Bengal had a majority of Muslims, while West Bengal had a majority of Hindus. This partition is claimed to have undermined Indias national movement against British imperialism, and is said to have been politically motivated. This song, along with a host of others, was written by Tagore, a pioneer of the cultural and political movement against this partition. These songs were meant to rekindle the unified spirit of Bengal, to raise public consciousness against the communal political divide. The lyrics first appeared in the September issues of Bongodorshonand Baul simultaneously, in 1905. The song along with the musical notation (referred to as swaralipi in Bengali), first appeared in the periodical musical journal Shongeet Biggnan Probeshika in the same month and year. Indira Devi, Tagores niece, Satyendranath Tagores daughter, jotted down the musical notation hearing it from Tagore himself (this was the common norm, Tagore singing the song, and someone formally jotting down the musical notations).
Posted on: Sun, 30 Nov 2014 11:04:18 +0000
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