စပ္မိစပ္ရာ Ebola အခုတေလာ ebola ေခတ္စားေနလို႔ ဖတ္မိဖတ္ရာ စုေဆာင္းလို႔ share လိုက္ပါတယ္။ Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) or Ebola haemorrhagic Fever (EHF) Ebola gets its name from the Ebola River, which is near one of the villages in the Democratic Republic of Congo where the disease first appeared. Ebola virus first appeared in 1976. The outbreak began in February, this year, in the forests of Guinea and then spread to Liberia and Sierra Leone. As of August 1, 887 people have died out of 1,603 infected (mortality rate of 55 per cent). According to ABC news, more than 60 doctors have already died of Ebola. Spread is direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and indirect contact with environments contaminated with such fluids. Burial ceremonies in which mourners have direct contact with the body of the deceased person can also play a role in the transmission of Ebola. Men who have recovered from the disease can still transmit the virus through their semen for up to 7 weeks after recovery from illness. Symptoms appear from 2 days to 3 weeks after contact with virus. Symptoms are fever, sore throat, muscle pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, internal and external bleeding; and later kidney and liver failure. Diagnosis is by ELISA, antigen detection tests, serum neutralization test, RT-PCR, electron microscopy and virus isolation by cell culture. No licensed vaccine is available. No specific treatment is recognised. Mainstay of treatment is supportive such as replacement of coagulation factors and heparin if there is DIC; rehydration treatment if there is fluid loss. Ongoing researches are as follows: Favipiravir, clomiphene and toremifene showed significant percentage of success in mice. On 4 August 2014 an experimental drug, ZMapp, was first tested on humans. It was administered to two Americans who had been infected with Ebola. Both people appeared to have had positive results. References: 1. abc.net.au/news/2014-08-05/ebola-outbreak-troops-deploy-sierra-leone-liberia-to-help/5648116 2. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease 3. who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/ 4. web.stanford.edu/group/virus/filo/management.html 5. webmd/a-to-z-guides/ebola-fever-virus-infection 6. emedicine.medscape/article/216288-treatment
Posted on: Tue, 05 Aug 2014 14:08:20 +0000
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