It was a popular believe that an atom is the indivisible, indestructible, incorruptible part of an element or substance , until nuclear came rolling in with new particles like the mesons, antimatter (anti-proton, anti-electrons, anti-neutrons) all particles have its opposite one with a different charge but with all the same properties before going further, lets take a look at the fundamental properties of neutrino and quark, this writing and definition is coined from wikipedia to prove claims. before the definition i would like to add something coined from latimes (latimes/news/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-neutrino-oscillation-matter-antimatter-universe-symmetry-20130723,0,353393.story#axzz2ixtZ7wcV) In the beginning, just after the big bang, the universe was filled with both matter and anti-matter. For every proton, there was an anti-proton. For every muon neutrino, there was an anti-muon neutrino. For every quark, an anti-quark. And when a particle meets its nemesis, they annihilate. Presumably, if the big bang generated equal amounts of matter and anti-matter and they kept colliding, then it should have generally canceled out by now. And yet, matter clearly won the day. Were here, and were made of the stuff. And antimatter is relatively hard to come by in the cosmos, unless you’re making it in a high-energy physics lab. So researchers believe there must have been some sort of asymmetry at play, one that clearly favored matter. If neutrinos behaved differently from their antimatter counterparts — particularly the jumbo-sized neutrinos thought to have existed in the universes early days — then perhaps they could have tipped the scales in the matter/anti-matter battle. A neutrino (/nuːˈtriːnoʊ/ or /njuːˈtriːnoʊ/) is an electrically neutral, weakly interacting elementary subatomic particle[1] with half-integer spin. The neutrino (meaning small neutral one in Italian) is denoted by the Greek letter ν (nu). All evidence suggests that neutrinos have mass but that their mass is tiny even by the standards of subatomic particles. Their mass has never been measured accurately. Neutrinos do not carry electric charge, which means that they are not affected by the electromagnetic forces that act on charged particles such as electrons and protons. Neutrinos are affected only by the weak sub-atomic force, of much shorter range than electromagnetism, and gravity, which is relatively weak on the subatomic scale. Therefore a typical neutrino passes through normal matter unimpeded. Neutrinos are created as a result of certain types of radioactive decay, or nuclear reactions such as those that take place in the Sun, in nuclear reactors, or when cosmic rays hit atoms. There are three types, or flavors, of neutrinos: electron neutrinos, muon neutrinos and tau neutrinos. Each type is associated with an antiparticle, called an antineutrino, which also has neutral electric charge and half-integer spin. Whether or not the neutrino and its corresponding antineutrino are identical particles has not yet been resolved, even though the antineutrino has an opposite chirality to the neutrino. Most neutrinos passing through the Earth emanate from the Sun. About 65 billion (6.5×1010) solar neutrinos per second pass through every square centimeter perpendicular to the direction of the Sun in the region of the Earth.[2] Then the definition of quark Quark are of six types A quark (/ˈkwɔrk/ or /ˈkwɑrk/) is an elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter. Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei.[1] Due to a phenomenon known as color confinement, quarks are never directly observed or found in isolation; they can be found only within hadrons, such as baryons (of which protons and neutrons are examples), and mesons.[2][3] For this reason, much of what is known about quarks has been drawn from observations of the hadrons themselves. There are six types of quarks, known as flavors: up, down, strange, charm, bottom, and top.[4] Up and down quarks have the lowest masses of all quarks. The heavier quarks rapidly change into up and down quarks through a process of particle decay: the transformation from a higher mass state to a lower mass state. Because of this, up and down quarks are generally stable and the most common in the universe, whereas strange, charm, top, and bottom quarks can only be produced in high energy collisions (such as those involving cosmic rays and in particle accelerators). Quarks have various intrinsic properties, including electric charge, color charge, mass, and spin. Quarks are the only elementary particles in the Standard Model of particle physics to experience all four fundamental interactions, also known as fundamental forces (electromagnetism, gravitation, strong interaction, and weak interaction), as well as the only known particles whose electric charges are not integer multiples of the elementary charge. For every quark flavor there is a corresponding type of antiparticle, known as an antiquark, that differs from the quark only in that some of its properties have equal magnitude but opposite sign. The quark model was independently proposed by physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig in 1964.[5] Quarks were introduced as parts of an ordering scheme for hadrons, and there was little evidence for their physical existence until deep inelastic scattering experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in 1968.[6][7] All six flavors of quark have since been observed in accelerator experiments; the top quark, first observed at Fermilab in 1995, was the last to be discovered.[5] When quark and neutrino combines they form the basic nucleus of an atom , of particles and particles. The presences of anti-charge or opposite charges doesnot mean that they are different particle, or one is an antiparticle of the other , just that the opposite particle on the contrary is spinning or rotation about the medium of propagation in different direction, sin 90 =1 sin -90= -1 Most scientist believe that if anti-particles are an opposite of each other then during the big bang where opposite matters existed which can cause annihilation of both, but since we are all hear what when wrong i believe its simple they spin opposite this might have resulted from the the bust or charge interferences. From hear i would like to further state 2 principle a. the principle of absorption b. the principle of discharge Absorption neutino and quark absorb themselves to form hadrons, quark energy gives it particles its spin, accelartion, charge, on the other hand neutrino gives hadrons and other particles its mass. its quite hard to see or realise quark because its constantly being absorbed by neutirno form the sun. The law of discharge Because neutrino and quark absorbs they can be broken by nuclear reactions causing new particles like gamma rays, alpha rays and others as residuals to be seen during a reaction because absorption continues irrespective of charges present. The world as we know it, life and particle are simple burst of quark and neutrino
Posted on: Sat, 02 Nov 2013 19:23:49 +0000
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