কৎবেল: =-=-=-= কৎবেল বা কদবেল এক ধরনের ফল। এর খোলস শক্ত ও বেলের মত খসখসে। গাছ ২০-৫০ ফুট উঁচু হয়। কাঠ শক্ত ও পাতা ঝরা বৃক্ষ। পাতা কামিনি ফুলের পাতার মত। পত্রদন্ডের ২ দিকে ৫-৭ পাতা থাকে। ২-৫ইঞ্চি ব্যাস বিশিষ্ট টেনিস বলের আকারের কৎবেল টক স্বাদের ফল। গাছে ছোট কাঁটা থাকে। আগস্ট-নভেম্বর মাসে ফল পাকে। কাঠ শক্ত; ঘরবাড়ি তৈরিতে ব্যবহার করা যায়। সংস্কৃত ভাষায় এর নাম কপিত্থ। বৈজ্ঞানিক নাম: ---------------- Feronia Limonia Swingle. পরিবার: Rutaceae ইংরেজি নাম: Elephant Apple/Monkey fruit ঔষধিগুণ: ----------- ফল, পাতা, ছাল ও শাঁস ঔষধি হিসেবে ব্যবহার হয়। - পিত্ত পাথুরিতে কচি পাতার রস ব্যবহার হয়। - শাঁস কাশি, সর্দি, হাঁপানি, ও যক্ষ্মা রোগের উপকার হয়। - উদ্দীপক, মূত্রবর্ধক, বলকারক ও যৌনশক্তি বর্ধক গুন রয়েছে। - ফলের বিচি হৃদরোগ নিরাময় করে। - মাড়ী ও গলার ঘায়ে ব্যবহৃত হয়। Limonia acidissima (syn. Feronia elephantum, Feronia limonia, Hesperethusa crenulata, Schinus limonia) is the only species within the monotypic genus Limonia. It is native in the Indomalaya ecozone to Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and in Indochinese ecoregion east to Java and the Malesia ecoregion. Vernacular names in English include: wood-apple, elephant-apple, monkey fruit, and curd fruit; and listed below are the variety of common names in the languages of its native habitat regions. ernacular names The common names of Limonia acidissima include: English: Wood Apple, Elephant Apple, Monkey Fruit or Curd Fruit. Odia: Kaitha Kannada: Belada Hannu / Byalada Hannu Telugu: Vellaga Pandu Tamil: Vilam Palam (விளாம் பழம்) Bengali: Koth Bel (কৎ বেল) Hindi: Kaitha (कैथा) or Kath Bel. Gujarati: Kothu. Sinhalese: Divul. Marathi: KavaTH (कवठ). Javanese: Kawis or Kawista Sanskrit: Kapittha (कपित्थ),[2] Dadhistha, Surabhicchada, Kapipriya, Dadhi, Puṣpapahala , Dantasātha, Phalasugandhika, Cirapākī, Karabhithū, Kanṭī, Gandhapatra, Grāhiphala, Kaṣāyāmlaphala. Limonia acidissima is a large tree growing to 9 metres (30 ft) tall, with rough, spiny bark. The leaves are pinnate, with 5-7 leaflets, each leaflet 25–35 mm long and 10–20 mm broad, with a citrus-scent when crushed. The fruit is a berry 5–9 cm diameter, and may be sweet or sour. It has a very hard rind which can be difficult to crack open, and contains sticky brown pulp and small white seeds. Uses The rind of the fruit is so thick and hard it can be carved and used as a utensil such as a bowl or ashtray. The bark also produces an edible gum. The tree has hard wood which can be used for woodworking. Bael fruit pulp has a soap-like action that made it a household cleaner for hundreds of years. The sticky layer around the unripe seeds is household glue that also finds use in jeweler-making. The glue, mixed with lime, waterproofs wells and cements walls. The glue also protects oil paintings when added as a coat on the canvas. Ground limonia bark is also used as a cosmetic called thanakha in Southeast Asia. The fruit rind yields oil that is popular as a fragrance for hair; it also produces a dye used to colour silks and calico. Culinary The fruit is eaten plain, mixed into a variety of beverages and desserts, or preserved as jam. The scooped-out pulp from its fruits is eaten raw with or without sugar, or is blended with coconut milk and palm-sugar syrup and drunk as a beverage, or frozen as an ice cream. It is also used in chutneys and for making jelly and jam. Indonesians beat the pulp of the ripe fruit with palm sugar and eat the mixture at breakfast. The sweetened pulp is a source of sherbet in the subcontinent. Jam, pickle, marmalade, syrup, jelly, squash and toffee are some of the products of this versatile fruit. Young bael leaves are a salad green in Thailand. Indians eat the pulp of the ripe fruit with sugar or jaggery. The ripe pulp is also used to make chutney. The raw pulp is mixed with yoghurt and make into raita. The raw pulp is sour in taste, while the ripe pulp would be having a smell and taste thats a mixture of sourness and sweet. Nutrition A hundred gm of bael fruit pulp contains 31 gm of carbohydrate and two gm of protein, which adds up to nearly 140 calories. The ripe fruit is rich in beta-carotene, a precursor of Vitamin A; it also contains significant quantities of the B vitamins thiamine and riboflavin, and small amounts of Vitamin C. Wild bael fruit tends to have more tannin than the cultivated ones; tannin depletes the body of precious nutrients, and evidence suggests it can cause cancer. Medicinal The bael fruit is more popular as medicine than as food. The Yajur Veda mentions the bael tree, but the Charaka Samhita, an Ayurveda treatise from the 1st millennium BC, was the first book to describe its medicinal properties. Hindu scriptures abound in references to the bael tree and its leaves. The devotees of Lord Shiva commonly offer bael leaves to the deity, especially on Shivaratri; this probably explains why bael trees are so common near temples. Hindus also believe that ghosts live on bael trees. Another belief associates its leaves to goddess Lakshmi. The unripe fruit is described as astringent and is used in combination with bela and other medicines in diarrhoea and dysentery. The ripe fruit is said to be useful in hiccup and affections of the throat. The leaves are aromatic and carminative. The fruit is much used in India as a liver and cardiac tonic, and, when unripe, as an astringent means of halting diarrhea and dysentery and effective treatment for hiccough, sore throat and diseases of the gums. The pulp is poulticed onto bites and stings of venomous insects, as is the powdered rind. Leaves, bark, roots and fruit pulp are all used against snakebite. The seed oil is a purgative, and the leaf juice mixed with honey is a folk remedy for fever. The tannin-rich and alkaloid-rich bark decoction is a folk cure for malaria. The pulp, taken complete with the seed and fibre, is prescribed as a remedy for irritable bowel syndrome in Sinhalese Medicine. Vasco da Gamas crew, suffering from diarrhoea and dysentery in India, used to the bael fruit for relief.
Posted on: Wed, 01 Oct 2014 19:11:20 +0000
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